High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Soviet Union began a biological weapons program in the 1920s although the Soviet Union was a signatory to the 1925 Geneva Convention, which banned both chemical and biological weapons. During World War II, Joseph Stalin was forced to move his biological weapons (BW) operations out of the path of advancing German forces and may have used tularemia against German troops in 1942 near Stalingrad.

ISBN: 978-5-5085-5009-7

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! During the Cold War (1947–1991), when the Soviet Union and the USA were engaged in an arms race, the Soviet Union promoted its foreign policy through the World Peace Council and other front organizations. It has been claimed that it also influenced non-aligned peace groups in the West.

ISBN: 978-5-5080-2486-4

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Soyuz-FG launch vehicle is an improved version of the Soyuz-U, from the R-7 family of rockets, designed and constructed by TsSKB-Progress in Samara. It made its maiden flight on May 20, 2001, carrying a Progress M1-6 cargo spacecraft to the International Space Station (ISS).

ISBN: 978-5-5145-8042-2

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Soyuz-2, GRAU index 14A14, is the collective designation for the new version of the Russian Soyuz rocket. In its basic form, it is a three-stage carrier rocket for placing payloads into low Earth orbit. The first stage boosters and two core stages feature uprated engines with improved injection systems, compared to the previous versions of the Soyuz. Digital flight control and telemetry systems allow the rocket to be launched from a fixed launch platform, whereas the launch platforms for earlier Soyuz rockets had to be rotated as the rocket could not perform a roll to change its heading in flight.

ISBN: 978-5-5138-6649-7

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Soyuz (Russian: Союз, meaning "union", GRAU index 11A511) is a family of expendable launch systems developed by OKB-1, and manufactured by TsSKB-Progress in Samara, Russia. According to the European Space Agency, the Soyuz launch vehicle is the most frequently used launch vehicle in the world.

ISBN: 978-5-5084-0124-5

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Spa Green Estate between Rosebery Avenue and St John St in Clerkenwell, London EC1, England, is the most complete post-war realisation of a 1930s radical plan for social regeneration through Modernist architecture. Conceived as public housing, it is now a mixed community of private owners and council tenants, run by a resident-elected management organization. In 1998 this work by the architect Berthold Lubetkin received a Grade II* listing (the grade higher than II) for its architectural significance, and the major 2008 restoration brought back the original colour scheme, which recalls Lubetkin’s contacts with Russian Constructivism.

ISBN: 978-5-5080-9094-4

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Spa Road railway station in Bermondsey, south-east London, was the original terminus of the capital`s first railway, the London and Greenwich Railway (L&GR). It was also the first railway terminus in London. First opened in 1836, the station went through several changes of ownership, was rebuilt several times, changed its name and was relocated a couple of hundred yards away from its original site before it finally closed in 1915 due to cost-saving measures during the First World War. The disused station building is today part of a light industrial estate. A number of elements of the original station – including the ticket office and remnants of the platforms – are still visible.

ISBN: 978-5-5145-9282-1

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! According to the AIAA Space Logistics Technical Committee, space logistics is

ISBN: 978-5-5087-6194-3

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Space Tourism is space travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. A number of startup companies have sprung up in recent years, hoping to create a space tourism industry. Orbital space tourism opportunities have been limited and expensive, with only the Russian Space Agency providing transport to date.

ISBN: 978-5-5110-8254-7

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ISBN: 978-5-5090-7500-1

ISBN: 978-5-5080-5648-3

ISBN: 978-5-5088-6147-6

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Space Pirates and Zombies (S.P.A.Z.) is a real-time strategy video game released on August 15, 2011, on the Steam distribution platform. with a top-down perspective based around space combat. The game was developed by a two man team under the studio MinMax Games using the Torque engine. The game was later ported for Mac OS X and Linux systems.

ISBN: 978-5-5144-2559-4

ISBN: 978-5-5088-5821-6

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! SpaceShipOne was a suborbital air-launched spaceplane that completed the first manned private spaceflight in 2004. That same year, it won the US$10 million Ansari X Prize and was immediately retired from active service. Its mothership was named "White Knight". Both craft were developed and flown by Mojave Aerospace Ventures, which was a joint venture between Paul Allen and Scaled Composites, Burt Rutan`s aviation company. Allen provided the funding of approximately US$25 million.

ISBN: 978-5-5134-8847-7

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! A space suit is a garment worn to keep a human alive in the harsh environment of outer space, vacuum and temperature extremes. Space suits are often worn inside spacecraft as a safety precaution in case of loss of cabin pressure, and are necessary for extra-vehicular activity (EVA), work done outside spacecraft. Space suits have been worn for such work in Earth orbit, on the surface of the Moon, and en route back to Earth from the Moon. Modern space suits augment the basic pressure garment with a complex system of equipment and environmental systems designed to keep the wearer comfortable, and to minimize the effort required to bend the limbs, resisting a soft pressure garment`s natural...

ISBN: 978-5-5093-2306-5

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Space Giraffe is an action arcade video game by Jeff Minter and Ivan Zorzin of Llamasoft. Space Giraffe visually resembles the arcade classic Tempest, an arcade game by Atari Inc. released in October, 1981, though Minter claims that it is not a clone of this game. The game was released on August 22, 2007 for Xbox 360 through Xbox Live Arcade for 400 Microsoft Points ($5 USD). The main graphics engine is based on the Neon Xbox 360 light synthesizer visualisation software built into the console. Llamasoft released a version for Windows on December 15, 2008. It was made available on Steam on March 19, 2009.

ISBN: 978-5-5143-8303-0

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ISBN: 978-5-5125-1709-3

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Space Hawk is a video game released by Mattel for its Intellivision video game system in 1981. The game is a re-worked version of a previously planned clone of Asteroids in which the player, in a rocket-powered space suit, is drifting in space and shooting down or avoiding targets, including the titular hawks.

ISBN: 978-5-5110-6583-0

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! SpaceChem is an indie puzzle game from Zachtronics Industries, loosely based on the principles of chemistry and chemical bonding. In the game, the player is tasked to produce one or more specific chemical molecules via an assembly line by programming two waldos that interact with atoms and molecules through a visual programming language. SpaceChem is the developer`s first foray into a commercial title after a number of free Flash-based browser games that feature similar puzzle-based assembly problems.

ISBN: 978-5-5086-8424-2

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Even before the Apollo moon landing in 1969, in October 1968, NASA began early studies of space shuttle designs. The early studies were denoted "Phase A", and in June 1970, "Phase B", which were more detailed and specific. The primary intended use of the space shuttle was supporting the future space station. This function would dictate most of the shuttle`s features. The U.S. Air Force was also interested in using the shuttle, and NASA welcomed their participation and influence to ensure political and financial support for the shuttle program.

ISBN: 978-5-5138-7388-4

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Space Shuttle Orbital Maneuvering System, or OMS (pronounced /omz/), is a system of rocket engines designed and manufactured by Aerojet for use on the space shuttle orbiter for orbital injection and modifying its orbit. It consists of two "packs" at the back of the Shuttle, the large lumps on either side of the vertical stabilizer. Each pack contains a single hypergolic OME engine (AJ10-190)., based on the Service Propulsion System on the Apollo Service Module, with a thrust of 6,000 lbf (27 kN) and a Specific impulse of 313 seconds, which can be reused for 100 missions and is capable of 1,000 starts and 15 hours of firing. The OMS pods also contain the rear set of reaction control system...

ISBN: 978-5-5111-5880-8

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Space Shuttle Challenger (NASA Orbiter Vehicle Designation: OV-099) was NASA`s second Space Shuttle orbiter to be put into service, Columbia having been the first. The shuttle was built by Rockwell International`s Space Transportation Systems Division in Downey, California. Its maiden flight was on April 4, 1983, and it completed nine missions before breaking apart 73 seconds after the launch of its tenth mission, STS-51-L on January 28, 1986, resulting in the death of all seven crew members. The accident led to a two-and-a-half year grounding of the shuttle fleet, with missions resuming in 1988 with the launch of Space Shuttle Discovery on STS-26. Challenger itself was replaced by the Space...

ISBN: 978-5-5111-5797-9

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! A spacecraft or spaceship is a craft or machine designed for spaceflight. Spacecraft are used for a variety of purposes, including communications, earth observation, meteorology, navigation, planetary exploration and transportation of humans and cargo.

ISBN: 978-5-5121-7486-9

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Space Shuttle Challenger disaster occurred on January 28, 1986, when Space Shuttle Challenger broke apart 73 seconds into its flight, leading to the deaths of its seven crew members. The spacecraft disintegrated over the Atlantic Ocean, off the coast of central Florida at 11:38 am EST (16:38 UTC). Disintegration of the entire vehicle began after an O-ring seal in its right solid rocket booster (SRB) failed at liftoff. The O-ring failure caused a breach in the SRB joint it sealed, allowing pressurized hot gas from within the solid rocket motor to reach the outside and impinge upon the adjacent SRB attachment hardware and external fuel tank. This led to the separation of the right-hand SRB`s...

ISBN: 978-5-5133-1856-9