Wear is a very common problem between containing surfaces under combined normal and tangential loads. The main goal of the current study is a numerical prediction of adhesive wear evolution in a spherical contact. The contact consists of a deformable sphere and a rigid flat subjected to combined normal and tangential loading under full stick contact condition. Following the completion of the normal loading a tangential load is applied gradually until the contact fails and large tangential deflection of the flat takes place indicating sliding inception. Due to the full stick contact condition the sliding can occur at a certain interface beneath the contact where all the material points experience a certain maximum shear strain. The volume...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-4468-0
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Spontaneous slip on frictional interfaces involves both short-lived inertially-driven events and long- term quasi-static sliding. An example of considerable practical importance is the response of faults in the Earth's crust to tectonic loading. The response combines earthquakes that cause destructive ground motions and aseismic slip. Numerical models are needed to study the physics of such complex behavior. This book contains two main contributions. The first one is the development and implementation of a 3D methodology for simulations of spontaneous long-term slip punctuated by rapid ruptures. Our approach is the first one to combine long-term deformation and the resulting stress redistribution on faults with full inclusion of inertial...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-3830-6
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
Electrostatics is the branch of science that deals with the phenomena arising from stationary or slow-moving electric charges. Since classical antiquity it was known that some materials such as amber attract light particles after rubbing. The Greek word for amber, electron, was the source of the word 'electricity'. Electrostatic phenomena arise from the forces that electric charges exert on each other. Such forces are described by Coulomb's law. Even though electrostatically induced forces seem to be rather weak, the electrostatic force between e.g. an electron and a proton, that together make up a hydrogen atom, is about 40 orders of magnitude stronger than the gravitational force acting between them. Electrostatic phenomena include...
ISBN: 978-6-1300-6988-9
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Electronic libretto system is used primarily in opera houses and is a device which presents translations of lyrics into an audience's language or transcribes lyrics that may be difficult to understand in the sung form. Since 1983, projected Supertitles or surtitles have been commonly used in opera or other musical performances and they have proven to be a commercial success in art forms such as opera which are generally sung in foreign languages. However, many people believed that surtitles interfered with the enjoyment of a performance, because they tended to find themselves following the titles and not giving their full attention to the stage....
ISBN: 978-6-1314-3747-2
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
This book describes the electronic properties of the surfaces of gallium nitride (GaN) and aluminum nitride (AlN), which are the materials with applications in short wavelength light emitting devices and high power electronics. First, we report the studies of the surface structure, stoichiometry and electronic properties of GaN(0001) and AlN (0001) surfaces. Clean and ordered (1x1) surfaces with nearly stoichiometric composition were prepared and then investigated using direct and inverse photoemission spectroscopy. Filled and empty surface states were found to exist and extend beyond the valence and conduction band edges at GaN and AlN surfaces. These intrinsic surface states are presumably associated with cation dangling bonds. We then...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-5631-7
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
The electronic color code discussed here is used to indicate the values or ratings of electronic components, very commonly for resistors, but also for capacitors, inductors, and others. A separate code, the 25-pair color code, is used to identify wires in some telecommunications cables. The electronic color code was developed in the early 1920s by the Radio Manufacturer's Association, (now part of Electronic Industries Alliance), and was published as EIA-RS-279. The current international standard is IEC 60062. Colorbands were commonly used (especially on resistors) because they were easily printed on tiny components, decreasing construction costs. However, there were drawbacks, especially for color blind people. Overheating of a...
ISBN: 978-6-1306-7020-7
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Electron beam lithography (often abbreviated as e-beam lithography) is the practice of scanning a beam of electrons in a patterned fashion across a surface covered with a film (called the resist), ("exposing" the resist) and of selectively removing either exposed or non-exposed regions of the resist ("developing"). The purpose, as with photolithography, is to create very small structures in the resist that can subsequently be transferred to the substrate material, often by etching. It was developed for manufacturing integrated circuits, and is also used for creating nanotechnology artifacts. Данное...
ISBN: 978-6-1328-4494-1
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! An electro-galvanic fuel cell is an electrical device, one form of which is commonly used to measure the concentration of oxygen gas in scuba diving and medical equipment.A chemical reaction occurs in the fuel cell when the potassium hydroxide in the cell comes into contact with oxygen. This creates an electric current between the lead anode and the gold-plated cathode through a load resistance. The current produced is proportional to the concentration of oxygen present. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1325-1182-9
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
In the next generation air traffic system “human centered automation” will provide the tools to increase controller efficiency, safety and capacity while decreasing operational cost. This book focuses on one of the last “non-digitized” tool in air traffic control operations, the Paper Flight Progress Strips and its electronic replacements, the Electronic Flight Strip systems. Paper flights strips, in addition to radar displays, visual observation, and radio communication, are the primary tools tower air traffic controllers use to monitor and control aircraft. The ATC community shows growing interest in using electronic alternatives to paper strips. However, most research so far was centered on the en-route, radar-based control...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-1783-7
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
Electrostatic levitation is the process of using an electric field to lift a charged object and counteract the effects of gravity. It was used, for instance, in Robert Millikan's oil drop experiment and is used to suspend the gyroscopes in Gravity Probe B during launch. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1306-6850-1
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! In telecommunications, electrical length is the length of a transmission medium or antenna element expressed as the number of wavelengths of the signal propagating in the medium. Electromagnetic waves propagate more slowly in a medium than in free space, so a wave in a medium will have a larger number of waves than a wave of the same frequency propagating over the same distance in free space. Alternatively put, the distance covered in free space by the same number of waves as are in the transmission medium will be greater, hence the transmission medium is said to have an electrical length greater than its physical length. The electrical length is most commonly expressed in units of the...
ISBN: 978-6-1326-7658-0
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
The term electronic police state describes a state in which the government aggressively uses electronic technologies. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1307-0424-7
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Electronic publishing or ePublishing includes the digital publication of e-books and electronic articles, and the development of digital libraries and catalogues. Electronic publishing has become common in scientific publishing where it has been argued that peer-reviewed paper scientific journals are in the process of being replaced by electronic publishing. Although distribution via the Internet (also known as online publishing or web publishing when in the form of a website) is nowadays strongly associated with electronic publishing, there are many non network electronic publications such as Encyclopedias on...
ISBN: 978-6-1328-4982-3
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
An electrical connector is a conductive device for joining electrical circuits together. The connection may be temporary, as for portable equipment, or may require a tool for assembly and removal, or may be a permanent electrical joint between two wires or devices. There are hundreds of types of electrical connectors. In computing, an electrical connector can also be known as a physical interface (compare Physical Layer in OSI model of networking). Connectors may join two lengths of flexible wire or cable, or may connect a wire or cable to an electrical terminal. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после...
ISBN: 978-6-1302-3112-5
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
The goal of this research includes the conception, development and evaluation of an electrical impedance-based method for the intravascular diagnosis and therapy monitoring of atherosclerosis. It was described how the change of tissue parameters on the cellular level can be characterized electrically by impedance spectroscopy to aid basic understanding of the impedance of vessel tissue. From in vitro experiments, it was shown that the cellular alterations in cell assemblies on atherosclerotic pathology are well monitored by impedance spectroscopy. For intravascular impedance measurement, a balloon impedance catheter with integrated flexible microelectrodes was developed and characterized. Through animal tests, it was demonstrated that...
ISBN: 978-3-6392-0741-5
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
Electrical wiring in general refers to insulated conductors used to carry electricity, and associated devices. This article describes general aspects of electrical wiring as used to provide power in buildings and structures, commonly referred to as building wiring. This article is intended to describe common features of electrical wiring that should apply worldwide. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1302-0729-8
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
Electric current can mean, depending on the context, a flow of electric charge (a phenomenon) or the rate of flow of electric charge (a quantity).The electric charge that flows is carried by, for example, mobile electrons in a conductor, ions in an electrolyte or both in a plasma.The SI unit for rate of flow of electric charge is the ampere. Electric current is measured using an ammeter. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1302-1279-7
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! An electron gun is an electrical component that produces an electron beam that has a precise kinetic energy and is most often used in televisions and monitors which use cathode ray tube technology, as well as in other instruments, such as electron microscopes and particle accelerators. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1327-7645-7
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
The phasor measurement unit (PMU) is considered to be one of the most important measuring devices in the future of power systems. The distinction comes from its unique ability to provide synchronized phasor measurements of voltages and currents from widely dispersed locations in an electric power grid. This book addresses two major challenges attendant to this technology: PMU device placement and applications. It teaches how to complement PMU data with decision trees to advance voltage security monitoring. Applications resulting from integrating phasor data with SCADA/EMS data are treated in detail; from enhancing the quality of existing estimators to revolutionizing it to phasor-based state estimation. Graph theoretic algorithms and the...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-1639-7
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
An electric meter or energy meter is a device that measures the amount of electrical energy supplied to or produced by a residence, business or machine. Electricity is a clean, convenient way to deliver energy. The electricity meter is how electricity providers measure billable services. The most common type of meter measures kilowatt hours. When used in electricity retailing, the utilities record the values measured by these meters to generate an invoice for the electricity. They may also record other variables including the time when the electricity was used. Since it is expensive to store large amounts of electricity, it must usually be generated as it is needed. More electricity requires more generators, and so providers want...
ISBN: 978-6-1302-1186-8
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Electroluminescent wire (often abbreviated to EL wire) is a thin copper wire coated in a phosphor which glows when an alternating current is applied to it. It can be used in a wide variety of applications- vehicle and/or structure decoration, safety and emergency lighting, toys, clothing etc - much as rope light or Christmas lights are often used. Unlike these types of strand lights, EL wire is not a series of points but produces a 360 degree unbroken line of visible light. Its thin diameter makes it flexible and ideal for use in a variety of applications such as clothing or costumes. Данное...
ISBN: 978-6-1327-0007-0
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
Electrical impedance, or simply impedance, describes a measure of opposition to a sinusoidal alternating current (AC). Electrical impedance extends the concept of resistance to AC circuits, describing not only the relative amplitudes of the voltage and current, but also the relative phases. When the circuit is driven with direct current (DC) there is no distinction between impedance and resistance; the latter can be thought of as impedance with zero phase angle. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1300-6451-8
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011