Fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging, which exploit native tissue fluorescence (autofluorescence), have emerged as non-invasive real-time tissue diagnostic tools and have been under intensive studies in the past years. However, traditional autofluorescence techniques have suffered from tissue scattering and absorption, and thus are generally not efficient for tissue diagnostics. This book introduces a study using polarized autofluorescence and polarized reflectance techniques to reduce tissue scattering and absorption effects and to reveal endogenous optical signatures of skin cancer. Normal and malignant melanocytic cells can be efficiently discriminated using fluorescence anisotropy of cellular NADH. Enzymatic dermis degradation...
ISBN: 978-3-6390-0914-9
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Дата выхода: июль 2011
Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! A skip zone, also called a silent zone or zone of silence, is a region where a radio transmission can not be received located between regions both nearer and further from the transmitter where reception is possible. When using medium to high frequency radio telecommunication, there are radio waves which travel both parallel to the ground, and towards the ionosphere, referred to as a ground wave and sky wave, respectively. A skip zone is an annular region between the furthest points at which the ground wave can be received and the nearest point at which the refracted sky waves can be received. Within this region, no signal can be received as there are no radio waves to receive. Данное...
ISBN: 978-6-1303-3414-7
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Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! In radio propagation, skip refers to a radio signal being reflected or refracted by the atmosphere or ionosphere, and returning to Earth in far away locations. This phenomenon happens often with AM radio, enabling listeners to hear broadcasts across long distances. CB radio was intended not to skip, but often it does skip due to sporadic E propagation. Skip becomes stronger and weaker in accordance with an 11-year solar cycle; 2006 marked a bottom point of that cycle. Occasionally VHF signals skip. Some radio enthusiasts look for such signals and consider them TV and FM DX. Thermal inversions may also produce skipping. Данное издание...
ISBN: 978-6-1303-3408-6
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Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Skjold class patrol boats (skjold means "shield" in Norwegian) is a new class of superfast, large stealth missile craft, formerly known as MTBs (missile torpedo boats). From 2009, the Royal Norwegian Navy officially label them as coastal corvettes (kystkorvett) because their seaworthiness is seen as comparable to corvettes. They are built at the Umoe Mandal yard, and regarded as the fastest warships in the world with speeds over 60 knots / 110 km/h. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1304-8426-2
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High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Skunk Works is an official alias for Lockheed Martin’s Advanced Development Programs (ADP), formerly called Lockheed Advanced Development Projects. Skunk Works is responsible for a number of famous aircraft designs, including the U-2, the SR-71 Blackbird, the F-117 Nighthawk, and the F-22 Raptor. Currently its largest officially known project is the F-35 Lightning II, which will be used in the air forces of several countries. Production is expected to last for up to four decades.
Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! A sky marshal (also known as air marshal or flight marshal) is an undercover law enforcement or counter terrorist agent on board a commercial aircraft to counter aircraft hijackings. Sky marshals may be provided by airlines such as El Al (who provide sky marshals on every flight), or by government agencies such as the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, German Federal Police, US Federal Air Marshal Service or the United Kingdom Metropolitan Police.The Canadian Air Carrier Protection/Protective Program (CACPP) began on September 17, 2002 when a Memorandum of Understanding was signed between the Royal Canadian Mounted Police with Transport Canada, the authority responsible for Canadian aviation...
ISBN: 978-6-1309-8095-5
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High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Skynet is a family of military satellites, now operated by Paradigm Secure Communications on behalf of the UK Ministry of Defence, which provide strategic communication services to the three branches of the British Armed Forces and to NATO forces engaged on coalition tasks.
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! A skyrocket is a type of firework that uses a solid rocket motor to rise quickly into the sky. At the apex of its ascent, it is usual for a variety of effects (stars, bangs, crackles, etc.) to be emitted. Sky rockets use various stabilisation techniques to ensure the flight follows a predictable course, often a long stick attached to the side of the motor, but also including spin-stabilisation or fins. A common misconception about professional fireworks displays is that skyrockets are used to propel the pyrotechnic effects into the air. In reality, skyrockets are more widely used as a consumer item. Professional fireworks displays utilize mortars to fire aerial shells into the air, not rockets....
ISBN: 978-6-1340-5280-1
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Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The SkyTrain is an urban rapid transit system in Metro Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It uses fully automated trains running mostly on elevated tracks. SkyTrain's 68.7 km (42.7 mi) of track make it the longest automated rapid transit system in the world and the longest rapid transit system in Canada. It also uses the longest mass transit-only bridge, the SkyBridge, to cross the Fraser River. There are 47 stations in the system, which carries an average of 271,000 passengers per day (2007) on the two original lines, and 93,000 passengers per day (2009) on the new Canada Line. The Expo Line was built in time for the Expo 86 World's Fair. The Millennium Line opened in 2002, and was extended...
ISBN: 978-6-1304-5489-0
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Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Skywave is the propagation of electromagnetic waves bent (refracted) back to the Earth's surface by the ionosphere. As a result of skywave propagation, a broadcast signal from a distant AM broadcasting station at night, or from a shortwave radio station (or during sporadic E season, a low band TV station) can sometimes be heard as clearly as local stations. (This is distinct from "groundwave" propagation, which is direct from transmitter to radio). Most long-distance HF radio communication (between 3 and 30 MHz) is a result of skywave propagation. Since the early 1920s amateur radio operators, limited to lower transmitter power than commercial radio, have taken advantage of skywave for long...
ISBN: 978-6-1303-1890-1
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Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, originally named Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, is a United States Department of Energy National Laboratory operated by Stanford University under the programmatic direction of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SLAC research program centers on experimental and theoretical research in elementary particle physics using electron beams and a broad program of research in atomic and solid-state physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine using synchrotron radiatio Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после...
ISBN: 978-6-1303-9216-1
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Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! When personal computers started to become mainstream in the early 1980s, it became one of the things associated with the hacker culture of the time. Some cartoons depicted computer users talking in binary code with 1s and 0s using a slashed zero for the 0. The use of the Scandinavian vowel in the name of the Hawkwind-influenced 1980s space-rock band Underground Zer may have been inspired by the usage of the slashed zero by many computer systems of the time; which resembled (see article "Heavy metal umlaut"). The slashed zero symbol is widely used in written Amateur radio callsigns, codes for video-games, software product keys, New Zealand alphanumeric car number plates, and any other instance...
ISBN: 978-6-1311-7026-3
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Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The slate industry in Wales began during the Roman period when slate was used to roof the fort at Segontium, now Caernarvon. The slate industry grew slowly until the early 18th century, then expanded rapidly until the late 19th century, at which time the most important slate producing areas were in northwest Wales, including the Penrhyn Quarry near Bethesda, the Dinorwic Quarry near Llanberis, the Nantlle Valley quarries, and Blaenau Ffestiniog, where the slate was mined rather than quarried. Penrhyn and Dinorwig were the two largest slate quarries in the world, and the Oakeley mine at Blaenau Ffestiniog was the largest slate mine in the world. Slate is mainly used for roofing, but is also...
ISBN: 978-6-1303-1662-4
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Дата выхода: июль 2011
Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! A sled, sledge, or sleigh is a vehicle that moves by sliding. Usually runners or a smooth underside enable a sled to slide. Sleds are used for transport on surfaces with low friction, usually snow or ice. In some cases however, mud, grass, or even smooth stones make a good surface for sleds. In American English, "sledge" and "sleigh" refer to specific types of sleds. A sledge is usually a rough, sturdy, load-carrying vehicle pulled by draft animals or dogs. A sleigh is typically a partially enclosed vehicle with seats for passengers that is drawn by animals and slides on runners. "Sled" generally refers to a smaller vehicle and often one that is pulled by a human or propelled only by gravity....
ISBN: 978-6-1304-5551-4
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Дата выхода: июль 2011
Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
The sleeping car or sleeper is a railroad passenger car that can accommodate all its passengers in beds of one kind or another, primarily for the purpose of making nighttime travel more restful. The first such cars saw sporadic use on American railroads in the 1830s and could be configured for coach seating during the day. Some of the more luxurious types have private rooms, that is to say fully- and solidly-enclosed rooms that are not shared with strangers. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1303-0551-2
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Дата выхода: июль 2011
Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Slerp has a geometric formula independent of quaternions, and independent of the dimension of the space in which the arc is embedded. This formula, a symmetric weighted sum credited to Glenn Davis, is based on the fact that any point on the curve must be a linear combination of the ends. Let p0 and p1 be the first and last points of the arc, and let t be the parameter, 0 ? t ? 1. Compute ? as the angle subtended by the arc, so that cos ? = p0 ? p1, the n-dimensional dot product of the unit vectors from the origin to the ends. The geometric formula is then mathrm{Slerp}(p_0,p_1; t) = frac{sin {[(1-t)Omega}]}{sin Omega} p_0 + frac{sin [tOmega]}{sin Omega} p_1. The symmetry can be seen in the fact...
ISBN: 978-6-1311-7177-2
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Дата выхода: июль 2011
Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! In control theory, sliding mode control, or SMC, is a form of variable structure control (VSC). It is a nonlinear control method that alters the dynamics of a nonlinear system by application of a high-frequency switching control. The state-feedback control law is not a continuous function of time. Instead, it switches from one continuous structure to another based on the current position in the state space. Hence, sliding mode control is a variable structure control method. The multiple control structures are designed so that trajectories always move toward a switching condition, and so the ultimate trajectory will not exist entirely within one control structure. Instead, the ultimate...
ISBN: 978-6-1303-0807-0
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High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Slingsby Type 51 Dart is a single seat competition glider designed in the early 1960s, initially as a 15 m span Standard Class aircraft but evolved into an Open Class, 17 m sailplane. It was the last Slingsby sailplane to be mostly constructed of wood.
Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Slip-ons, are low, lace-less shoes. The style most commonly seen, known as a loafer in American culture, has a moccasin construction. First appearing in the mid-1930s from Norway, they began as casual shoes, but have increased in popularity to point of being worn in America with city lounge suits, though these still require lace-up shoes in more conservative locations such as Britain. They are worn in many situations in a wide variety of colours and designs, often featuring tassels on the front, or metal decorations. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после...
ISBN: 978-6-1304-5567-5
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Дата выхода: июль 2011
Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! A slipper or houseshoe is an semi-closed type of indoor footwear, consisting of a sole held to the wearer's foot by a strap running over the toes or instep. Slippers are soft and lightweight compared to other types of footwear. The word is recorded in English in 1478, deriving from the older verb to slip, the notion being of footwear that is "slipped" onto the foot. Slippers may be shaped like a normal shoe or may have no heel, so the foot can be slipped in the back. They now come in many colourful designs – cartoon characters, patterns and animals are often used to decorate this type of footwear. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга...
ISBN: 978-6-1304-2862-4
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Дата выхода: июль 2011
Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! A sloop (from Dutch sloep) is a sail boat with a fore-and-aft rig and a single mast farther forward than the mast of a cutter. A sloop's fore-triangle is smaller than a cutter's, and unlike a cutter, a sloop usually bends only one headsail, though this distinction is not definitive; some sloops such as the Friendship Sloop have more than one. Ultimately the position of the mast is the most important factor in determining whether a ship is classified as a sloop. On a gaff rigged, single masted boat, the clearest distinction between a sloop and a cutter is the run of the forestay. On the sloop, it runs to the outboard end of the bowsprit, which means that the bowsprit must always stay in position...
ISBN: 978-6-1303-9243-7
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Дата выхода: июль 2011
Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! A slot machine (American), fruit machine (British), or poker machine (Australian) is a casino gambling machine with three or more reels which spin when a button is pushed. Slots are also known as one-armed bandits because slot machines were originally operated by a lever on the side of the machine (the one arm) instead of a button on the front panel, and because of their ability to leave the gamer penniless. Many modern machines still have a legacy lever in addition to the button. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1303-1305-0
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Дата выхода: июль 2011