There have been many studies carried out about many structures in the field of electromagnetic waves. The scattering problem for electromagnetic waves by perfect conducting bodies of revolution is vital for many researchers and scientists. The method of moment is used to solve the problem of scattering by a three dimensional body of revolution. Wilcox derived the radiation boundary condition which is applied to truncate the partial differential equation (PDE) mesh. A general electromagnetic can be defined as: when electromagnetic waves are incident on a scattered, it produces currents in the surface. These currents radiate and produce the scattered field. This problem can be solved in frequency domain or time domain by constructing...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-8096-1
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
It was an open mathematical question, whether the difference of the solutions of the elastic and elastoplastic boundary value problems can be expressed explicitly. For linear kinematic and combined linear kinematic plus isotropic hardening material, this question is now answered in this book. The author considers both models in their quasistatic, rate-independent formulation with linearised geometry. He proves that the differences of the stresses, strains and displacements can be expressed as compositions of some linear operators and play operators with respect to the exterior forces. To that end the main analytical devices, such as Lipschitz estimates for stop and play, are developed. The results are valid for the class of continuous...
ISBN: 978-3-8364-8387-2
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Austroads (2004) promotes speed based design when installing LATM’s and states that “there is very little systematic information available on device crossing speeds; there is even less reliable information on whether or not ‘operating speeds’ can be given for a given type of device”. This book has been prepared for practitioners,and is based on research that investigates the effectiveness of traffic calming devices installed on local roads at twenty one locations in New Zealand. It compares the installation criteria and the resultant effects with the findings sourced from a literature review, and makes recommendations for further research. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга...
ISBN: 978-3-8383-7502-1
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Machining is the most widely used and efficient material removal process, and tool wear in machining is usually of great interest in order to improve machining efficiency and effectiveness. Cutting tool wear patterns such as the flank and crater wear and the dead metal zone (DMZ) may induce the cutting tool geometry variation in machining. As a result, cutting forces may increase or decrease due to the change of tool effective cutting geometry during machining operations. A quantitative understanding of and the ability to predict cutting forces in relation to tool wear are important to the tool life estimation, chatter prediction, and tool condition monitoring. Most available force models are limited to fresh tool conditions or worn tool...
ISBN: 978-3-6392-1553-3
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Radiation from the Sun is absorbed mainly at the surface of the Earth. Then the atmospheric and oceanic circulations redistribute this energy and radiate it back to space at longer wavelengths. The climate change is believed to be a result of the disturbance of the balance between receiving and outgoing radiation or alteration of the redistribution of energy within the atmosphere and between the atmosphere, land, and ocean. While our understanding of climate change and its implications are still developing, concerns about climate change has led to a search for means of mitigating the impact by a combination of conservation, sequestration, and substitution of carbon neutral fuels for fossil fuels. There is no net emission of greenhouse...
ISBN: 978-3-8364-9545-5
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Surface modified layer of TiO2 with anatase phase can’t be obtained from direct spin-coated TIP on IF (interstitial free) steel by using sol-gel techniques. Thus, this study used interlayers (Fe atoms diffusion barriers) not only to inhibit Fe atoms of the substrates from diffusing to out surface but also to fix surface modified layer of TiO2. Middle layers adopted two different ways: (1) Dry process adopted sputtered Cr thin films. (2) Wet process adopted spin-coated method with TOES gel to obtain Si-O thin films after calcined. This research observed the diffusion abilities of Fe atoms in heat environment, surface morphology, and local composition variations for various thin film systems; moreover, it estimated photocatalytic...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-4311-9
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Along with the rise of credit card use, fraud is on the rise. To address fraud, financial institutions (FIs) are employing fraud detection systems (FDS),however, the majority of cases being flagged by this system are False Positives. The possibilities of enhancing the current operation by post processing the FDS output constitute the objective of this book. The data used for the analysis was provided by one of the major Canadian banks. Based on several variations and combinations of features and training class distributions, different models(more than seventy) were developed to explore the influence of these parameters on the performance of the desired system. The results indicate that the employed approach and the prototype developed...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-8047-3
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Coal and wood co-fired boiler technology has been significantly advancing in the past years, but many of their capabilities remain unknown to much of the industry today. The term "co-firing", when used by members of the biomass or utility communities, has come to mean mixing a modest amount of clean, dry sawdust with coal and burning the sawdust coal mixture in the existing coal firing equipment of a large, coal-burning, utility boiler. This work serves as a guideline to allow for coal-wood co-fired boilers to be sized, priced, implemented, and operated properly based on facility information. Information about the equipment that is required for the boiler replacement project is provided. This work also recognizes energy savings that...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-3580-0
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
The frequency assignment problem involves the assignment of discrete channels (frequencies) to the transmitters of a radio network. A separation between the frequencies assigned to transmitters close to each other is required to avoid interference. Unnecessary separation causes an excess requirement for spectrum, which is a valuable resource. Consequently good assignments minimise both interference and the spectrum required. The fixed spectrum frequency assignment problem, where the spectrum available is given and the target is to minimise the total interference of the system, is considered. Interference is modelled through binary constraints, and the problem is represented by an undirected weighted graph. Some integer programming...
ISBN: 978-3-8383-3308-3
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
The principal aim of this study was to use the concept of image defocus related to feature depth in order to develop a system capable of converting a 2- dimensional greyscale image into a 3-dimensional depth map. An advantage of this concept over techniques such as stereo imaging is that there is no so-called 'correspondence problem' where the corresponding location of a feature or landmark point must be identified in each of the stereo images. The majority - and the most successful - of previous researchers in DfD have used some variation of a 'two-image' technique in order to separate the contribution of the original scene features from the defocus effect. The best of those have achieved results typically in the range of 1% to 2% error...
ISBN: 978-3-6392-1259-4
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
While the topic of climate change is controversial, the world needs to take a precautionary approach to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. With growing populations and increasing energy demands, solutions to cleaner energy need to be developed and implemented. In order to successfully reduce carbon dioxide emissions, a global carbon pricing policy needs to be developed that includes all countries and allows each region to utilize the best clean energy technology options along with economic incentives that will be the most effective. The research conducted in this project validates the hypothesis that placing a monetary price on carbon will allow natural, technological, and financial resources to come together to implement a feasible energy...
ISBN: 978-3-6390-4665-6
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
A theoretical development of a Generalized Universal Reynolds Equation (GURE) has been achieved. GURE is a spherical geometry, variable property, two- dimensional pressure domain equation that permits one fundamental model for all classes of self-acting bearings. GURE handles property variations in a two- dimensional pressure expression and in a three- dimensional energy expression. GURE does not require that the bearing model be unwrapped, and allows for true variation in properties across, as well as along, the fluid film thickness. This work the theoretical development and the numerical results. The analysis varies the bearing angle to study conical, journal, and flat plate thrust bearings. Thermal boundary conditions account for heat...
ISBN: 978-3-6390-1248-4
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
In recent years, humanoid robotics have been the object of growing interest and investments in the academic and industrial worlds. And indeed, autonomous robots are announced to imminently enter our households. However, beyond the boastful declarations, many challenges still remain to be met on this way. This book focuses on one of the most fundamental ones, the question of action-oriented space representation and motor learning. Highlighting the main difficulties encountered by researchers, it shows how taking inspiration from the human space representation and motor control can lead to original robotics solutions. It suggests a way to enable a humanoid to learn how to control its limbs and to learn simple tasks from human...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-5045-2
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Examining the language used in the task-oriented conversation can provide the fundamental theoretical framework for communication applications and collaboration systems, which are highly demanding applications for emerging social software. There are two approaches to language uses: the product approach and the action approach. The product approach emphasizes the products of language use like linguistic study of sentences, words, and speech sounds. On the other hand, the action approach grows out of philosophical and sociological investigation of intentions and social actions. The investigation of computer-mediated communication can also be conducted and compared with the product and action approaches. The product approach has been used...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-6172-4
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
This book focuses on the prevention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders through the successful strategies contributing to a healthy construction workplace. In general, this book aims to contribute towards the understanding of a healthy construction workplace brought about by the current best practices implemented by large construction sites. From a preventive perspective, a model for the construction workplace system balance can be used to identify successful strategies. This book will be of interest to safety engineers, occupational physicians and ergonomists working in the construction industry. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-0079-2
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! In databases and transaction processing, Commitment ordering is a Serializability technique, both centralized and distributed. It is also the name of the resulting transaction schedule property. In a CO compliant schedule the chronological order of commitment events of transactions is compatible with the precedence order of the respective transactions. CO provides an effective, general solution to the Global serializability problem, i.e., achieving serializability in a distributed environment of multiple autonomous database systems and other transactional objects, that possibly utilize a different concurrency control mechanism each (e.g., as in Grid computing and Cloud computing). This problem...
ISBN: 978-6-1305-3806-4
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Hum is a generic name for a series of phenomena involving a persistent and invasive low-frequency humming noise not audible to all people. Hums have been reported in various geographical locations. In some cases a source has been located. A Hum on the Big Island of Hawaii, typically related to volcanic action, is heard in locations dozens of miles apart. The local Hawaiians also say the Hum is most often heard by men. The Hum is most often described as sounding somewhat like a distant idling diesel engine. Typically the Hum is difficult to detect with microphones, and its source and nature are hard to localize. Данное издание не является оригинальным....
ISBN: 978-6-1303-3956-2
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
The IMAGE framework allows an unsupervised learning of complex 3D objects and a recognition in cluttered scenes, under scale changes and in case of partial occlusions. Local correspondences are determined autonomously for an unordered and unlabelled training set and are used to learn the view-dependent variation of the object`s features. An exhaustive matching is avoided by a clustering of the local features. Each feature is tracked through the object`s training set giving a view-dependent feature model. This is also motivated from cognitive science that showed that human vision is able to interpolate between views. Most existing learning approaches store a collection of training views neglecting their relations. Experiments with real...
ISBN: 978-3-6390-3612-1
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
The Mile High Illinois, Illinois Sky-City, or simply The Illinois was a proposed mile-high (1,609 meters/5,280 feet) skyscraper, envisioned by Frank Lloyd Wright in 1956. The design, intended to be built in Chicago, would have included 528 stories, with a gross area of 18.46 million square feet (1.71 million square meters/171 hectares). Had it been built, it would be the tallest building in the world.This is arguably the most famous of the semi-serious visionary buildings meant to be an alternative to the increasing urban sprawl occurring in most cities. None of these have ever been viewed as financially feasible. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по...
ISBN: 978-6-1309-0913-0
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
This research is aimed at investigating the professional cultures of the participants who come together in a construction project. The question posed was whether they shared a culture or had differences, and if differences existed whether these differences had an effect on the reactions of each of the groups to disputes and their resolution. A survey was carried out among professional groups in Australia and Sri-Lanka and the survey data from both countries were analyzed using statistical tests. The results show that professional groups share similarities in professional culture as well as differences. It also showed that these cultural differences created an adversarial atmosphere among construction project participants. It was also...
ISBN: 978-3-6390-8054-4
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
This work is the most comprehensive scientific review of Cyberinformatics published to date. The reader is thoroughly introduced to both the theoretical foundation of Signed Symmetries as well as the practical implications of the latest developments within this exciting sub-domain of Cyberinformatics research. Unlike most other books on the subject, Prof. Perez's milestone work fully accounts for the apparent discrepancies between gamma-corrected symmetric algorithms and heuristic approaches to signed electronic identities. "I consider Prof. Perez's book the bible within the field. It lays down the foundation on which research will be conducted decades into the future. It is a truly magnificent work, the importance of which cannot be...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-7362-8
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess is an action-adventure game developed by Nintendo Entertainment Analysis and Development, and published by Nintendo for the GameCube and Wii video game consoles. It is the thirteenth installment in The Legend of Zelda series. Originally planned for release in November 2005, Twilight Princess was delayed by Nintendo to allow its developers to refine the game and add more content. The Wii version was released alongside the Wii console on November 19, 2006, in North America, and in December 2006 in Japan, Europe, and Australia. This made Twilight Princess the first Zelda game released at the launch of a Nintendo console. The GameCube version was released in...
ISBN: 978-6-1318-1173-9
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time is an action-adventure video game developed by Nintendo's Entertainment Analysis and Development division for the Nintendo 64 video game console. It was released in Japan on November 21, 1998; in North America on November 23, 1998; and in Europe on December 11, 1998. Originally developed for the Nintendo 64DD peripheral, the game was instead released on a 256-megabit cartridge, which was the largest-capacity cartridge Nintendo produced at that time. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1305-2970-3
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
In the last 50 years computers have taken an increasing role in the engineering design process. Today prototypes are often perfected through computer simulation rather than practical testing. Modern tools encapsulate expert engineering design knowledge within software creating virtual environments for experimentation. This book describes the design of such a unified framework with a special focus on studying moving objects within dynamic fields. Fundamental transient simulation methodologies for PDEs are introduced and applied through a variety of illustrative examples. Powerful techniques including code generation, symbolic computation and state of the art parallel spectral solvers are presented. Special considerations for linking...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-9334-3
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011