Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Valvetrain is an all-encompassing term used to describe the mechanisms and parts which control the operation of the valves. A traditional reciprocating internal combustion engine uses valves to control air and fuel flow into and out of the cylinders, facilitating combustion.Valvetrain: The valvetrain consists of valves, rocker arms, pushrods, lifters, and camshaft(s). Valvetrain opening/closing and duration, as well as the geometry of the valvetrain, controls the amount of air and fuel entering the combustion chamber at any given point in time. Timing for open/close/duration is controlled by the camshaft that is synchronized to the crankshaft by a chain or belt. Данное издание...
ISBN: 978-6-1313-7956-7
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Valve float is an adverse condition which occurs when the poppet valves on an internal combustion engine valvetrain do not remain in contact with the camshaft lobe during the valve closure phase of the cam lobe profile. This reduces engine efficiency and performance and potentially increases engine emissions. Valve loft is utilizing a controlled float to increase lift and duration of the valve open cycle. In some motorsports there are rules that limit camshaft lift; therefore, provoking this type of exploitation. By properly optimizing the system, one can actually achieve this without undue stresses added to the camshaft lobes and tappets (lifters). Valve bounce is a related condition where the...
ISBN: 978-6-1313-7788-4
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Valve oil is a lubricant for valves of brass instruments. It is typically comprised mostly of mineral oil with a small amount of other ingredients.Besides lubricating the moving parts of the valve, valve oil provides corrosion protection to the bare metal of the inner valve. While the valve piston or rotor is made of a metal which is more resistant to corrosion, the inner valve casing is typically bare brass. (The brass on the outside of a modern instrument is lacquered to prevent corrosion.) The oil also completes the seal between the valve casing and the piston or rotor. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по...
ISBN: 978-6-1312-0432-6
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! A Valveless pulse jet (or pulsejet) is one of the simplest jet propulsion devices ever designed, and is the simplest form of jet engine that does not require forward motion to run continuously. Valveless pulsejets are low in cost, light weight, powerful and easy to operate. They have all the advantages (and most of the disadvantages) of conventional valved pulse jets, but without the troublesome reed valves that need frequent replacement - a valveless pulsejet can operate for its entire useful life with practically zero maintenance. They have been used to power model aircraft, experimental go-karts and even some unmanned military aircraft such as cruise missiles and target drones. Данное...
ISBN: 978-6-1313-7812-6
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Valveless was an English automobile manufactured from 1908 until 1915 in Huddersfield, Yorkshire. The successor to the Ralph Lucas Valveless, the car marked the entry of the David Brown group into the manufacture of motors. Its engine was a 25 hp duplex two-stroke model which was advertised as having "only six working parts"; these included two pistons, two connecting rods, and two crankshafts, which were geared together and counter-rotated. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1313-7811-9
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Valve leakage refers to flow through a valve which is set in the 'off' state. The importance of valve leakage depends on what the valve is controlling; a dripping tap is less significant than a leak from a six-inch pipe carrying high-pressure radioactive steam. ANSI specifies six different leakage classes, with 'leakage' defined in terms of the full open valve capacity Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1313-7801-0
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Valvetronic system is a variable valve timing system to offer continuously variable timing (on both intake and exhaust camshafts) along with continuously variable intake valve lift, from ~0 to 10 mm, and duration of the intake camshaft. Valvetronic-equipped engines are unique in that they rely on the amount of valve lift for load control, rather than a butterfly valve in the intake tract. In other words, in normal driving, the "gas pedal" controls the Valvetronic hardware rather than the throttle plate. Cylinder heads with Valvetronic use an extra set of rocker arms, called intermediate arms (lift scaler), positioned between the valve stem and the camshaft. These intermediate arms are able...
ISBN: 978-6-1313-7965-9
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The valve seat in an internal combustion gasoline or diesel engine is the surface against which an intake or an exhaust valve rests during the portion of the engine operating cycle when that valve is closed. The valve seat is a critical component of an engine in that if it is improperly positioned, oriented, or formed during manufacture, valve leakage will occur which will adversely affect the engine compression ratio and therefore the engine efficiency, performance (horsepower), exhaust emissions, and engine life. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после...
ISBN: 978-6-1313-7806-5
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! In most types of reciprocating engines, a valve guide is provided for each poppet valve in the cylinder head. Along with the valve spring, it serves to positively locate the valve so that it may make proper contact with the valve seat. A valve guide is a tube-shaped piece of metal, pressed into the cylinder head, with the valve reciprocating inside it. Guides serve also to conduct heat from the combustion process out from the exhaust valve and into the cylinder head where it may be taken up by the cooling system. Bronze is commonly used, as is steel; a balance between stiffness and wear on the valve is essential to achieve a useful service life. Данное издание не...
ISBN: 978-6-1313-7793-8
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Most high power transmitter amplifiers are of valve construction because of the high power required.Since valves are designed to operate with much higher resistive loads than solid state devices, the most common anode circuit is a tuned LC circuit where the anodes are connected at a voltage node. This circuit is often known as the anode tank circuit.An example of this used at VHF/UHF include the 4CX250B, an example of a twin tetrode would be the QQV06/40A. The tetrode has a screen grid which is between the anode and the first grid, the purpose of the screen grid is to increase the stability of the circuit by reducing the capacitance between the first grid and the anode. In RF pentodes the...
ISBN: 978-6-1313-7810-2
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Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! A valve is a device that regulates the flow of a fluid by opening, closing, or partially obstructing various passageways. Valves are technically pipe fittings, but are usually discussed as a separate category. In an open valve, fluid flows in a direction from higher pressure to lower pressure. Valves are also found in the human body. For example, there are several heart valves which control the flow of blood in the chambers of the heart and maintain the correct pumping action. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1303-1958-8
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The valve gear of a steam engine is the mechanism that operates the inlet and exhaust valves to admit steam into the cylinder and allow exhaust steam to escape, respectively, at the correct points in the cycle. It is sometimes referred to as the "motion".In the simple case, this can be a relatively simple task as in the internal combustion engine in which the valves always open and close at the same points. This is not the ideal arrangement for a steam engine, though, because greatest power is achieved by keeping the inlet valve open throughout the power stroke (thus having full boiler pressure, minus transmission losses, against the piston throughout the stroke) while peak efficiency is...
ISBN: 978-6-1313-7791-4
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! In a piston engine, the valve timing is the precise timing of the opening and closing of the valves. In four-stroke cycle engines and some two-stroke cycle engines, the valve timing is controlled by the camshaft. It can be varied by modifying the camshaft, or it can be varied during engine operation by the relatively new technology of variable valve timing. It is also affected by the adjustment of the valve mechanism, and particularly by the tappet clearance; This variation is normally unwanted. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения...
ISBN: 978-6-1313-7809-6
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! A valve stem is a self-contained valve which opens to admit gas to a chamber (such as air to inflate a tire), and is then automatically closed and kept sealed by the pressure in the chamber, or a spring, or both, to prevent the gas from escaping. They are most commonly used on automobile and bicycle wheels, but also for many other applications.Schrader valves (also called American valves) consist of a valve stem into which a poppet valve is threaded with a spring attached. They are used on virtually all automobile tires, and in the United States, on most wider rimmed bicycle tires. In addition to tires, Schrader valves of varying diameters are used in refrigeration and air conditioning systems,...
ISBN: 978-6-1313-7808-9
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! A valve shim is a disc of hardened metal of precisely calibrated height used to adjust the clearance (US:lash) between a cam-lobe and the valve on which it operates where the cam-lobe operates directly on the valve without an intermediate rocker arm. The shim sits atop a shim bucket which itself sits atop the valve-stem and moves up and down within a machined bore. In situations where valve-train weight reduction is important top-hat shims are used as an alternative. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1313-7807-2
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Vamar (originally christened the Kilmarnock) is an English shipwreck (which sank on March 19, 1942) near Mexico Beach, Florida, United States. It is located 3.7 miles offshore from Mexico Beach. It became the ninth Florida Underwater Archaeological Preserve when it was dedicated in 2004. On April 10, 2006, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. The Vamar underwent several name changes in its history: 1919 - christened the Kilmarnock Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1313-8411-0
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Vamoose Bus is a daily bus service providing transportation between New York City and the Washington, D.C. metro area. The bus picks up passengers in Arlington, VA (Rosslyn) and Bethesda, MD just outside of Washington DC, and near Penn Station/Madison Square Garden in Midtown Manhattan in New York City. At $30 a trip, the service provides a discount over other forms of transportation between the regions, including Amtrak and Greyhound Lines. However, unlike the similar Chinatown bus lines, Vamoose does not travel to either city's Chinatown. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии...
ISBN: 978-6-1313-8581-0
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Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The VaMP driverless car was one of the first truly autonomous cars along with its twin vehicle, the VITA-2. They were able to drive in heavy traffic for long distances without human intervention, using computer vision to recognize rapidly moving obstacles such as other cars, and automatically avoid and pass them. The VaMP was constructed by the team of Ernst Dickmanns at Universitat der Bundeswehr Munchen and Mercedes-Benz in the 1990s as part of the 800 million ECU EUREKA Prometheus Project on autonomous vehicles (1987-1995). Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд...
ISBN: 978-6-1305-2885-0
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Vampire is a turbojet-propelled car that currently holds the outright British land speed record, driven by Colin Fallows to a mean speed of 300.3 mph (483.3 km/h) on July 5, 2000 at Elvington, Yorkshire, England. Vampire was 30 feet (9.1 m) long and consumed from 7 to 10 UK gallons of fuel per mile. Powered by a Rolls-Royce Orpheus turbojet engine, it could accelerate from standstill to 272 mph (438 km/h) in six seconds, a personal best set at Santa Pod Raceway. Vampire was originally constructed by Allan 'Bootsie' Herridge, a pioneer British drag racer, as one of a pair of identical match-race jet dragsters in 1981. Данное издание не является...
ISBN: 978-6-1313-8621-3
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Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
A van is a kind of vehicle used for transporting goods or groups of people. It is usually a box-shaped vehicle on four wheels, about the same width and length as a large automobile, but taller and usually higher off the ground, also referred to as a light commercial vehicle or LCV. However, in North America, the term may be used to refer to any truck with a rigid cargo body fixed to the cab, even up to large sizes. In the UK usage, it can be either specially designed or based on a saloon/sedan car, the latter type often including derivatives with open backs (such as pick-up trucks). There are vans in all shapes and sizes, ranging from the classic van version of the tiny Mini to the five metre long (LWB) variants of the Mercedes Sprinter...
ISBN: 978-6-1303-0123-1
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Van Buren Street Station is a commuter rail station in downtown Chicago that serves the Metra Electric Line to University Park, Blue Island, and South Chicago neighborhood; and the South Shore Line to Gary and South Bend, Indiana. One of the station's entrances is a replica of an Hector Guimard-designed, Art Nouveau-style Paris subway entrance. The entrance was given to Chicago as a gift by the city of Paris in 2001. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1314-1104-5
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Van Buren Street Bridge is a swing span, steel motor vehicle bridge spanning the Willamette River at Corvallis in the U.S. state of Oregon. Opened in 1913, the black colored bridge was the first bridge across the river at Corvallis and is now the third oldest bridge across the river. Owned by the state and maintained by the Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT), the 708-foot (216 m) long span is of a through truss design and carries one lane of traffic of Oregon Route 34 eastbound from Corvallis into neighboring Linn County. The bridge no longer is able to swing open, and the state plans to replace the bridge as early as 2013. Данное издание не является...
ISBN: 978-6-1314-1110-6
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Van Buren Trail State Park, also known as Trail State Park, is an unimproved rail trail running along a former railroad right-of-way between Hartford, Michigan to just south of South Haven, Michigan in Van Buren County. It is 14 miles (23 km) long and mostly used by horse trail riders in the summer and snowmobilers in the winter. Terrain is flat with farmland and trees. In 2004, Van Buren County took over operation of the state-owned trail from between South Haven and Hartford after state budget problems. There is a trail pass system to pay for maintenance. Its northern terminus is near Van Buren State Park on Lake Michigan. The Kal-Haven Trail starts in South Haven a few miles north. The...
ISBN: 978-6-1314-1271-4
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Lambert M. Surhone, Mariam T. Tennoe, Susan F. Henssonow
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Van Con, Incorporated is a school bus chassis manufacturer based in Middlesex, New Jersey. Their buses are fairly popular in the northeast of the United States. Van Con produced cutaway chassis on the old early-1990s Ford Econoline Van chassis and Girardin-style "Oval Shaped Shell" cutaway chassis using Dodge Ram vehicles. The current production of Van Con is the 20-seater basic GM cutaway chassis buses. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1314-1478-7
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Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Van Dyke Brown is an early photographic printing process. The process was so named due to the similarity of the print color to that of a brown oil paint named for Flemish painter Van Dyck.Printing with Van Dyke Brown requires the use of a large format negative in the size of the desired print, a suitable substrate for coating and subsequent printing, and a UV light source, either sunlight or suitable bulbs. The substrate can be almost anything that the solution will adhere to. Watercolor paper is a good first choice, but trickier substrates such as metal, glass or tile can be first 'sized' with gelatin or arrowroot to facilitate coating. The substrate is coated with solution under tungsten...
ISBN: 978-6-1310-5147-0
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