The book describes an efficient automatic algorithm for the segmentation of the inner and outer boundary of an abdominal aortic aneurysm in cross-sectional computed tomography angiography acquisitions. It covers the medical and technical background, the related publications for such problem, the algorithm implemented by us to segment the abdominal aortic aneurysm in detail, and the experiments and evaluation as well. Readers will thus be informed the motivation and challenge in doing arotic aneurysm segmentation, how this problem can be solved and how good the result is. This book is intended for all those who work in the field of medical image segmentation in CT, specially in aortic aneurysm segmentation. Данное издание...
ISBN: 978-3-6390-1367-2
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
While there has been extensive research demonstrating the potential of Genetic Algorithms (GA) in a variety of practical applications, the method has not been widely adopted in practice. A significant factor in this lack of uptake is the difficulty in determining appropriate parameter settings to ensure suitable solutions are found. Generally, the most suitable GA parameters must be found for each optimisation problem, and therefore it is expected that the best parameter values would be related to the characteristics of the fitness function. This book suggests two approaches for setting GA parameter values. The first is a simple method based on population convergence due to genetic drift only, while the second considers convergence of...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-9332-9
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
Detonating cord is a thin, flexible tube with an explosive core. It is a high-speed fuse which explodes, rather than burns, and is suitable for detonating high explosives, usually pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN, Pentrite). The velocity of detonation is sufficient to use it for synchronising multiple charges to detonate almost simultaneously even if the charges are placed at different distances from the point of initiation. It is used to reliably and inexpensively chain together multiple explosive charges. Typical uses include mining, drilling, and demolitions. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после...
ISBN: 978-6-1306-3152-9
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
A detonator is a device used to trigger an explosive device. Detonators can be chemically, mechanically, or electrically initiated, the latter two being the most common. The commercial use of explosives uses electrical detonators or the capped fuse which is a length of safety fuse to which an ordinary detonator has been crimped. Many detonators' primary explosive is a material called ASA compound. This compound is formed from lead azide, lead styphnate and aluminium and is pressed into place above the base charge, usually TNT or tetryl in military detonators and PETN in commercial detonators. Other materials such as DDNP are also used as the primary charge to reduce the amount of lead emitted into the atmosphere by mining and quarrying...
ISBN: 978-6-1306-1326-6
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
The Deutschland class was a series of three Panzerschiffe ("armoured ships"), a form of heavily armed cruiser, built by the German Reichsmarine more or less in accordance with restrictions imposed by the Treaty of Versailles. The class is named after the first ship of this class to be completed (the Deutschland). She and her sister ships, the Admiral Scheer and the Admiral Graf Spee, were all launched between 1931 and 1934 and served in Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. The British began referring to the vessels as pocket battleships ("a battleship that fits into a pocket"), in reference to the heavy firepower of the relatively small vessels. They were considerably smaller than a true battleship and their armor and guns were...
ISBN: 978-6-1306-6194-6
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Considerable emphasis in scientific computing (SC) software development has been placed on the software qualities of performance and correctness. However, other software qualities have received less attention, such as the qualities of usability, maintainability, testability and reusability. Presented in this book is a survey titled "Survey on Developing Scientific Computing Software," which is apparently the first conducted to explore the current approaches to SC software development and to determine which qualities of SC software are in most need of improvement. In terms of the problems in SC software development, a solution is proposed to improve the quality of SC software by using SE methodologies, concretely, using a modified Parnas'...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-3844-3
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Underwater vehicle technology has been gaining in importance in the last few years. Large sections of the earth's oceans remain unexplored. The quest for energy resources under the water has given an impetus to develop fast moving underwater vehicles capable of traveling along a complex 3D trajectory. This book describes the development of a small autonomous underwater vehicle or AUV known as the Hydrocopter that can mimic the motion of a helicopter. A model was constructed and tested in a deep water tank at Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada.Normally the development of a new idea can be an expensive process with no guarantee of a successful outcome. However, by using available components a relatively inexpensive model can be...
ISBN: 978-3-6390-9644-6
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
The present work is aimed at the development and polypropylene suture that can be used in surgical process as a suture. Monofilament of PP was spun and drawn. Its modification was carried out by the grafting vinylimidazole using simultaneous radiation grafting method. The effect of radiation dose, monomer concentration, and the grafting medium on the degree of grafting was evaluated. Grafted suture was characterized using several techniques, such as infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the grafts are confined to the amorphous region and the crystalline regions remain intact. The tenacity slightly decreases whereas the elongation increases with the...
ISBN: 978-3-8383-4379-2
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
This thesis presents the design and development of an invisible guitar - a gesture recognition system as a guitar model and MIDI controller. The goal of this work is to build a virtual guitar as a music instrument which enable user to learn music easier as well as become MIDI controller to control a software synthesizer. The design and development process will be described step-by-step from the concept phase until the testing and analysis phase. The process covers the implementation of mass spring damper system as a physical model of a guitar string. Moreover the analysis and comparison of real guitar sound as the reference to simulate the behavior of the model is also involved and described. As the result, this system use micro...
ISBN: 978-3-8383-8642-3
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Cement Kiln Dust (CKD) is a voluminous co-generated product of the cement manufacturing process. This book presents the feasibility of incorporating CKD, from various sources, as a replacement for Portland cement in the development of Controlled Low Strength Materials (CLSM) with acceptable properties. The findings show that with a little Portland cement and moderate volumes of CKD a good mix that easily satisfies the requirements of CLSM can be developed. Suitable CLSM mixes can also be produced without Portland cement, using CKD alone. The latter mixes showed reasonable fresh and hardened properties, however, increased shrinkage was observed. Sustainable development in the cement industry can be achieved by producing CLSM with moderate...
ISBN: 978-3-6390-6322-6
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
The characteristics of 3D-spacer fabrics as one of the most important lightweight materials in future are multifaceted not only owing to its extremely light materials, but also because of exceptionally high stiffness to weight ratio compared to other constructions. It can enhance the through-the-thickness properties, such as shear strength, dimensional stability, damage, tolerance, and fracture toughness that are critical for many structural applications. Spacer fabric has been employed in high-technology applications because of its critical mechanical properties related to high tensile strength, tear strength and stiffness. The fundamental aim of this book exists in the development of a new kind of woven spacer fabrics for the light...
ISBN: 978-3-6390-4114-9
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Metal-based thermal barrier coatings (MBTBCs) have been produced, using Induction plasma spraying (IPS) of nanostructured alloy powders. Important advances have been made over recent years to ceramic-based thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) for internal combustion engines application, but they are not yet applied in mass production situations. Besides the important economic considerations, the reliability of ceramic TBCs is also an issue, due to the difficulty of predicting “in-service” lifetime. Through engineering of the nano/amorphous structure of MBTBCs, their thermal conductivity can be made as low as those of ceramic-based TBCs. The thermal conductivity of MBTBCs was found to be as low as 1.99W/m/K. Thermal expansion coefficient...
ISBN: 978-3-6390-0726-8
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Cluster tools have become an important tool type in the semiconductor industry during the last decade. They integrate several process chambers into a tool and enable sequential process steps within one tool and/or increase capacity and availability by using several chambers in parallel for the same step. In these cluster tools, several chambers are usually served by one robot. Different process times and the parallelism of the chambers lead to practically random and competing transport tasks and therefore to a dynamic sequence of events. Therefore a static capacity analysis is often insufficient and the deduction of improvement potentials requires complex analysis of the sequence of transport job executions. Besides external influences...
ISBN: 978-3-6390-3254-3
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Utilizing a central-porous medium for a liquid fuel film combustor is an effective method to increase the contact surface area and conduction heat transfer for liquid fuel vaporization and flame stabilization. Based on this concept, a meso-scale liquid fuel film combustor with a central porous inlet was theoretically analyzed and confirmed its feasibility. The effects of porous material type and bead size on the flame structures and combustion characteristics are examined. Porous media made of stainless steel and bronze are tested in the meso- scale combustor with different fuel and air flow rates, equivalence ratios, and bead sizes. The flame structure and its corresponding stabilization mechanism are different between the stainless...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-0875-0
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Pollutants accumulated on roads during dry periods are washed off the surface during rainfall events, presenting a potentially hazardous non-point pollution source. Estimation of pollutant loads in these runoff waters is required for developing mitigation strategies, yet the numerous factors involved and their complex interconnected influences make straightforward assessment impossible. Data driven models are especially suitable for this task. The book starts with a review of pollutants in highway runoff and their environmental effects, followed by an account of the sources of these pollutants and the factors affecting their concentrations. The second part describes the development and implementation of a coupled MT-GA (Model Tree -...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-5034-6
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
In the past decades, microelectronic technology has changed our life dramatically. Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) is believed to bring us the same revolution in this century. Heat and mass transfer in micro systems is one of the foundations of MEMS, which is still not well understood and is being studied all over the world. Micro heat pump system is an important and interesting application of MEMS. It is expected to be used as portable cooling systems for workers in hazardous environments, distributed cooling systems in buildings for individual thermal comfort control and energy saving, cooling systems for micro electronic devices, etc. This book presents the experimental and theoretical studies on the key micro devices for the...
ISBN: 978-3-6390-9660-6
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Several simulation tools are available to evaluate the energy performance of buildings. EnergyPlus, a building energy analysis program, was first released in 2001. Several researchers have evaluated particular features of the program in specific context. However, only a limited amount of information, related to the simulation of large buildings, has been published so far. This work presents the development of a model of an academic building using the EnergyPlus program. The Concordia Sciences building has a total floor area of 32,000 m2. The size and the complexity of the heating, ventilation and air conditioning and heat recovery systems make the modeling process a challenge and an excellent way to evaluate the capabilities and features...
ISBN: 978-3-6390-4242-9
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
Development of Windows Vista, Windows Vista, Features new to Windows Vista, Technical features new to Windows Vista, Security and safety features new to Windows Vista, Windows Vista networking technologies, Windows Vista I/ O technologies, Management features new to Windows Vista, Features removed from Windows Vista Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1300-5797-8
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Recently the use of sub/supercritical CO2 has received much attention as a green alternative to organic solvents for chemical processes because of its pressure-tunable physicochemical properties and economic advantages. But, the advantages are diminished because of a narrow range of CO2-soluble materials. The goal of this work is to identify and design oxygenated hydrocarbon-based CO2-soluble polymers that are able to serve as construction blocks for CO2 soluble materials. Without concerning on the cost and the environmental persistence like fluorinated materials, the inexpensive and environmentally benign materials would significantly enhance the viability of CO2-based technology. We proposed specific new polymer structures: poly...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-0800-2
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Little is understood on mechanisms used by nature in designing materials with high strength and toughness from weaker constituents. Nanostructured materials found in nature such as bones are composites of proteins and bio-minerals and are found to possess superior mechanical properties in comparison to its constituent phases. These composites are found to have protein molecules confined between the layers of the ceramic platelets. Using this bio-inspired concept, electrospinning technique is explored to fabricate high strength composite fibers for tissue engineering applications. Structural mimicking and bio-duplication of the protein guided mineralization can be obtained by dispersing bioceramic particles on the electrospun fibers. This...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-0457-8
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Conventional engine modeling tools do not properly include end-gas autoignition and multi-dimensional engine modeling codes coupled with detailed chemical kinetic codes such as KIVA-CHEMKIN combination may not be preferred by engine designers. This work describes a new autoignition model that does not require extensive computational resources (2- dimensional computations from intake valve closing to exhaust valve opening take generally less than 5 minutes with a 333 MHZ personal computer), is easily portable to various computational environments, is easy to use and the accuracy is compatible with the accuracy of other subroutines of the models. It also considers variation of natural gas composition due to propane addition. Computation...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-8911-7
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
The higher the engine operating temperature, the higher its performance and efficiency. Nowadays, the operating temperatures are approaching the limits of Ni-based superalloys. Fortunately, niobium silicide based in situ composites have been shown to have great potential as alternative materials to Ni superalloys due to their high melting point, low density and excellent specific mechanical properties at high temperatures. This book begins with a brief review of the recent development of niobium silicide based in situ composites, including the related phase equilibria, processing, mechanical properties and oxidation behavior. The effects of Ti, Hf and/or Sn additions on the microstructures, solidification path, phase stability and...
ISBN: 978-3-8383-3085-3
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Parallel computing is simultaneous use of multiple computing resources to solve a computing problem, to reduce the computation time. To make many processors simultaneously work on a single program, the program must be divided into smaller independent chunks so that each processor can work on separate chunks of the problem. Parallel computing is the only available method to increase the computational speed and its application is rapidly increasing in the field of scientific and engineering computations. In this book parallel computing techniques are searched, developed and tested for two types of computer hardware architectures. Results also show a great reduction in computation time. The other type of computer hardware architecture which...
ISBN: 978-3-6392-6564-4
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
A mathematical model is constructed to study the development of tolerance and dependence to phenobarbital in continuous use. Phenobarbital is a sedative drug targeting the brain. As a side effect, it enhances its own metabolism rate. Also in regular use, the brain adapts to its presence and is rendered less sensitive to the drug with time. This decrease in drug effectiveness urges the user to increase the dose. A feedback loop results as the increased dose affects metabolism and neuroadaptation dynamics. Because adaptive changes persist even after drug intake stops, upon abrupt discontinuation to the drug, the patient experiences unwanted rebound effects. Using the model, we monitor the drug user as he/she develops tolerance. In numerous...
ISBN: 978-3-8383-0558-5
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Avionics displays play an important role in the safe operation of an airplane. They present information to the pilot, on which he/she will make important decisions to control the aircraft. Accurate display of information must be guaranteed in all flight conditions. Failure of that function can lead to catastrophic situations. Intensive testing, in real or simulated flight conditions, is a way to validate the proper operation of the avionics displays. For the avionics emulator (data generator), we make use of a commercially available package called X-Plane for flight simulation. The main objective of this work is to investigate the X-Plane’s compatibility with the avionics displays' data model. Furthermore, in order to prove our...
ISBN: 978-3-6392-0477-3
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011