High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The chemical compound 1,2-dioxetanedione, or 1,2-dioxacyclobutane-3,4-dione, often called peroxyacid ester, is an unstable oxide of carbon (an oxocarbon) with formula C2O4. It can be viewed as a double ketone of 1,2-dioxetane (1,2-dioxacyclobutane), or a cyclic dimer of carbon dioxide.
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! 1,4-Dihydroxyanthraquinone, also called quinizarin or Solvent Orange 86, is an organic compound derived from anthroquinone. Quinizarin is an orange or red-brown crystalline powder. It is formally derived from anthraquinone by replacement of two hydrogen atoms by hydroxyl (OH) groups. It is one of ten dihydroxyanthraquinone isomers and occurs in small amounts (as a glycoside) in the root of the madder plant, Rubia tinctorum.
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! 1-Octen-3-ol, octenol for short (also known as mushroom alcohol), is a chemical that attracts biting insects such as mosquitos. It is contained in human breath and sweat, and it was once believed that insect repellent DEET works by blocking the insects` octenol odorant receptors. Octenol is used in combination with carbon dioxide to attract insects in order to kill them with certain electronic devices.
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! 1-Propanol is a primary alcohol with the molecular formula of C3H8O, and a structural formula of CH3CH2CH2OH. It is also known as propan-1-ol, 1-propyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, n-propanol, or simply propanol. It is an isomer of isopropanol (2-propanol). It is used as a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry, and for resins and cellulose esters. It is formed naturally in small amounts during many fermentation processes.
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The 1933 double eagle (United States 20-dollar gold coin) currently holds the record for the highest price paid at auction for a single U.S. coin when it was purchased for US$7.59 million. 445,500 specimens of this Saint-Gaudens Double Eagle were minted in 1933, the last year of production for the Double Eagle, but no specimens ever officially circulated and nearly all were melted down, due to the discontinuance of the domestic gold standard in 1933.
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The NATO bombing of Yugoslavia (code-name Operation Allied Force or, by the United States, Operation Noble Anvil) was NATO`s military operation against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia during the Kosovo War. The strikes lasted from March 24, 1999 to June 10, 1999. The NATO bombing marked the second major combat operation in its history, following the 1995 NATO bombing campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The bombings led to the withdrawal of Yugoslav forces from Kosovo, establishment of UNMIK, a UN mission in Kosovo and put an end to the Yugoslav Wars of the 1990s. The bombing campaign was criticized, especially for the number of civilian casualties that resulted from the bombing.
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (sometimes in short but inaccurately also called dioxin) with a chemical formula C12H4Cl4O2. TCDD is a colorless solid with no distinguishable odor at room temperature. It is usually formed as a side product in organic synthesis and burning.
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! 2,4-Dinitrophenol (DNP), C6H4N2O5, is an inhibitor of efficient energy (ATP) production in cells with mitochondria. It uncouples oxidative phosphorylation by carrying protons across the mitochondrial membrane, leading to a rapid consumption of energy without generation of ATP.
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (usually referred to by its abbreviation, 2,4-D) is a common systemic pesticide/herbicide used in the control of broadleaf weeds. It is one of the most widely used herbicide in the world, and the third most commonly used in North America. 2,4-D is a synthetic auxin (plant hormone), and as such it is often used in laboratories for plant research and as a supplement in plant cell culture media such as MS medium. It was a major ingredient in Agent Orange alongside its chemically similar relative, 2,4,5-T (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid).
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! DOB, also known as Brolamfetamine and Bromo-DMA, is a psychedelic hallucinogenic drug and a substituted amphetamine of the phenethylamine class of compounds, which can be used as an entheogen. DOB was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin in 1967. In his book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines i Have Known And Loved), Shulgin lists the dosage range as 1 to 3 mg for the racemate. The enantiopure compound dosage is at least half of that. DOB is generally taken orally. According to Shulgin, the effects of DOB typically last 18 to 30 hours. Onset of the drug is also long, sometimes taking up to three hours. The substance has been described as a more lucid, more amphetamine-like version of LSD, albeit far...
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine (commonly referred to as DOM or on the street as STP, allegedly standing for `Serenity, Tranquility, and Peace`, but based on the motor oil company STP as named by Owsley Stanley) is a psychedelic and a substituted amphetamine. It was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin, and later reported in his book PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story. DOM is classified as a Schedule I substance in the United States, and is similarly controlled in other parts of the world. Internationally, it is a Schedule I drug under the Convention on Psychotropic Substances. It is generally taken orally.
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! 2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), also known as dehydromucic acid, is an oxidized furan derivative. This organic compound was first obtained by Fittig and Heinzelmann in 1876. The first review by Henry Hill was already published in 1901. FDCA has also been detected in human urine. A healthy human produces 3-5 mg/day. Numerous studies were undertaken to establish the metabolism of this compound and to determine the quantity, which is produced depending on the healthiness of the human. It was demonstrated that the individual quantity of produced FDCA increased after the injection of fructose. FDCA was also detected in blood plasma. FDCA was more than 125 years later identified by the US...
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! 20-Hydroxyecdysone (ecdysterone or 20E) is a naturally occurring ecdysteroid hormone which controls the ecdysis (moulting) and metamorphosis of arthropods. It is therefore one of the most common moulting hormones in insects, crabs, etc. It is also a phytoecdysteroid produced by various plants, including Cyanotis vaga, where its purpose is presumably to disrupt the development and reproduction of insect pests. In arthropods, 20E acts through the ecdysone receptor. Although mammals lack this receptor, 20E does appear to affect mammalian (including human) physiology, but there is disagreement over the details of its effects. 20E is an ingredient of some preparations that aim to enhance physical...
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The 2012 Aleppo Governorate clashes were a series of battles as part of the Syrian civil war in the Aleppo Governorate of Syria.
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! 25I-NBOMe (2C-I-NBOMe) is a derivative of the phenethylamine psychedelic 2C-I, discovered in 2003 by Ralf Heim at the Free University of Berlin, and subsequently investigated in more detail by a team at Purdue University led by David Nichols.
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! 3,4-(Methylenedioxy)phenyl-2-propanone (MDP2P), is a chemical compound consisting of a phenylacetone moiety substituted with a methylenedioxy functional group, an entactogen and stimulant of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and cathinone classes. It is commonly synthesized from either safrole ((which, for comparison, is 3--1-propene) or its isomer isosafrole via oxidation using the Wacker oxidation or peroxyacid oxidation methods.
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! 4-Methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC) is an organic camphor derivative that is used in the cosmetic industry for its ability to protect the skin against UV, specifically UV B radiation. As such it is used in sunscreen lotions and other skincare products claiming a SPF value. Its tradenames include Eusolex 6300 (Merck) and Parsol 5000 (DSM).
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! 4-Methylthioamphetamine (4-MTA) is an illicit drug and research chemical developed in the 1990s by a team led by David E. Nichols at Purdue University. It acts as a non-neurotoxic highly selective serotonin releasing agent (SSRA) in animals. It is distantly related to several other SSRAs, including MMAI, MDAI, and MDMAI.
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), also known as oxitriptan (INN), is a naturally occurring amino acid and chemical precursor as well as metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin and melatonin from tryptophan.
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! 5-methoxy-diisopropyltryptamine (5-MeO-DiPT) is a tryptamine psychedelic used as a recreational drug under the street names "foxy" and "foxy methoxy". 5-MeO-DiPT is orally active, and dosages between 6–20 mg are commonly reported. Many users note an unpleasant body load accompanies higher dosages. 5-MeO-DiPT is also taken by insufflation, or sometimes it is smoked or injected. Some users also report sound distortion, also noted with the related drug, DiPT.