Daraban Zam Dam is a proposed 45 m high ECRD dam to create 83.4 MCM storage reservoir with the objective to make available assured irrigation supplies to the command area and thus enhance the agricultural produce. In addition to this, the dam shall reduce flood damages and provide job opportunities and recreational facility. The project consultants did not consider in the studies the hydropower aspect.The available gross head at site is 45m, so by utilizing the available gross head and the design irrigation releases of 21.4 m3/s, the energy was estimated which is 8 MW and annual energy output of 70 Gwh respectively. After assessing the power and energy, design of penstock, selection of number of turbines and sizing of powerhouse was...
ISBN: 978-3-6390-6252-6
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
In this book, the full spectrum of processing of Iron-Phosphorus alloys through Powder Metallurgy (P/M) route has been addressed. Phosphorus in steel in general increases the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and hardness. Phosphorus also improves wear resistance, corrosion resistance and soft magnetic characteristics of iron. Phosphorus contents however promote brittle behaviour in wrought route owing to segregation of Fe3P along grain boundaries. P/M route avoids embrittlement in high Phosphorus containing Iron based alloys. In the present work the alloys have been forged using a hot powder forging technique. In this process mild steel encapsulated powders were hot forged into slabs. Then the slabs were hot rolled and annealed...
ISBN: 978-3-8433-9326-3
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Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
In any machining process the economic objective is to maximize the metal removal rate by the highest possible feed rate under the constraint of tool breakage. An NC Program merely guides and controls a Machining process. It cannot respond and react to variations in machining conditions during the operation. Machining force regulation and tool wear are challenging problems since the force and temperature rise varies significantly under normal operating conditions. In order to overcome above mentioned problems, the concept of ADAPTIVE CONTROL MACHINING was introduced. Adaptive Control system (AC) maximises material removal rates and minimises cycle times by optimizing the cutting feed rate based on a controlled spindle load.In accordance...
ISBN: 978-3-8383-7789-6
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
This book describes the synthesis, characterization, formulation design and in vivo efficacy of novel biodegrdable polymers based on natural fatty acids. Effective drug therapy has maximum therapeutic effect in the desired site of action with minimal adverse effects. When a drug is administered systemically by intravenous, intramuscular or oral dosing, it is distributed in the body to various organs perfused with blood, and only a relatively small amount reaches its target tissue. Locally injected formulation releases the drug at a slow rate for a prolonged period of time while providing high local therapeutic concentrations in the diseased site with minimal body distribution of toxic drugs resulting in less side effects and toxicity. We...
ISBN: 978-3-8433-5986-3
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
A novel multi-stage external loop airlift reactor (MS-ELALR) has been designed to remove phenol and Cr(VI) from wastewater by means of their adsorption onto the surface of activated carbons. The multi-staging has been achieved by hydrodynamically induced continuous bubble generation, breakup and regeneration. The typical values of gas holdup, liquid circulation velocity, interfacial area and volumetric mass transfer coefficient of the MS-ELALR were found to be 0.42-0.66, 0.04-0.13 m/s, 70-300 m2/m3 and 0.01-0.5 s-1 respectively. Powdered activated carbons were prepared from four different biomasses by chemical activation and were used to remove Cr(VI) and phenol from wastewater in this MS-ELALR. The results obtained were encouraging and...
ISBN: 978-3-6392-9875-8
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Historically, highway safety agencies in developed countries have relied heavily on reported traffic accidents to identify problem locations. Most highway safety professionals, however, recognize the shortcomings of relying on accidents as the sole criterion. The most important shortcoming occurs when there is no reliable accident data, which are identified by accurate accident locations. Thus the primary objective of this book is to develop a model when hazardous urban uncontrolled intersections can be identified by use of an indicator, which depends on the geometric and traffic feature of the uncontrolled intersection, without relying on accident history. Данное издание не является оригинальным....
ISBN: 978-3-6392-6380-0
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
This book describes a novel approach to create, develop and utilize software tools for visualization in scientific and engineering applications. These Scientific Visualization (SV) tools are highly interactive visual aids which allow analysis and inspection of complex numerical data generated from high-bandwidth data sources such as simulation software, experimental rigs, satellites, scanners, etc... The data of interest typically represent physical variables -- 2- and 3-dimensional scalar, vector and tensor fields on structured and unstructured meshes in multidomain (multiblock) configurations. The Object-Oriented Methodology is the software technology at the basis of the approach.The developed advanced SV tools allow the investigator...
ISBN: 978-3-8383-3500-1
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
The improper selection, combination and composition of the materials used in the water based drilling fluids to control and maintain the fluid properties may lead to various well bore drilling problems like low penetration rate, excessive torque and drag, poor hole cleaning, differential pipe sticking and formation damage and it is a crucial task for a mud engineer to develop optimum water based drilling fluids. This book features the research work carried out by the author in the area of Drilling Fluid Engineering at Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, India during his Ph.D. programme in Petroleum Engineering. The parts of this book were published in International Journals like Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, Energy Sources,...
ISBN: 978-3-8433-5770-8
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Weigh-in-Motion (WIM) data can be used to predict future traffic volumes and weights for the planning of new infrastructure, the management of maintenance activities, the identification/reduction of overloading problems and the evaluation of the performance of pavements and bridges. Most WIM systems are based on sensors placed in or on the pavement that measure the wheel force applied over them during a very short time. The value of this force varies as a result of road roughness and vehicle dynamics leading to limited accuracy for estimating static weights. Additionally, these systems experience durability problems due to traffic and environmental conditions. An alternative approach to WIM that addresses these limitations is the use of...
ISBN: 978-3-8383-0416-8
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Zirconia Toughened Alumina (ZTA) cutting tool inserts were produced successfully by compaction method using nanosized 75 wt% pure alumina and 25 wt% pure zirconia powders. Raw materials were milled and mixed with binder and then tablet shaped cutting tool inserts were prepared using 300 MPa pressure and 1400-1450°C sintering temperatures. Microstructures of the tool were observed and important mechanical properties were measured. Cutting tool inserts containing as little as 2.94% porosity were being able to produce at 1450°C with the maximum true density 4.12gm/cc (compared to 4.38 gm/cc for theoretical density) and hardness of 11.45 GPa. An increase in sintering temperature produced denser and harder cutting tool inserts. The...
ISBN: 978-3-8433-6825-4
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
In this book, an integrated approach for the application of knowledge based systems and finite element simulation is introduced. Applying this knowledge and simulation based concept for the whole product development cycle – from the conceptual design through the process planning and die design as an integrated CAE tool – provides significant advantages both in the design and in the manufacturing phase. Sheet metal forming simulation results today are already reliable and accurate enough that even tryout tools and the time consuming tryout processes may be eliminated or at least significantly reduced. Thus, the integrated solution described in this book results in significantly shorter lead times, better product quality and as a...
ISBN: 978-3-8443-0894-5
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Discrete element methods (DEM) are promising numerical methods for analysing the complexities of granular material response as they can consider the particle scale interactions in these materials. In this book a virtual test environment was developed for granular materials using DEM. Two fundamental geotechnical laboratory tests, the direct shear test and the triaxial test, were implemented in this virtual test environment. This test environment was validated by comparing simulation results with physical experiment results. Further DEM simulations were then performed to analyse the sensitivity of the macro-scale specimen response to some selected parameters (e.g. particle friction, size distribution). Using the results of the DEM...
ISBN: 978-3-8433-6235-1
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
This compilation describes the development and application of a thermodenuder (TD). Such an instrument enables near real-time measurements of total volatile and non-volatile particle concentrations of combustion aerosols by conditioning exhaust emissions in the ultrafine (nanometer) particle regimes. The TD is designed to strip-off the volatile and semi-volatile fraction (short-chained hydrocarbons) attached to the surface of particles by thermal desorption. Innovative aspects of this instrument include the direct heating system (based on a galvanically separated power unit) and the registration of the internal gas temperature. Both features keep the temperature gradient stable and, at the same time, prevent unexpected sample...
ISBN: 978-3-6392-0747-7
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Devolatilization is a significant step in fluidized bed combustion or gasification of coal. Oxygen-enriched air can increase the efficiency of any coal combustion process. In this work, devolatilization of five Indian coals having volatile matter in the range of 31 to 41% has been studied in argon, air and oxygen-enriched air (containing 30% oxygen) under fluidized bed conditions at 1123 K and atmospheric pressure. The diameter of the coal particles varied between 4 and 9.5 mm. Correlations of devolatilization time with particle diameter have been developed. A correlation for the variation of mass of coal particle with time during devolatilization has also been developed. The superficial gas velocity was found to have a significant...
ISBN: 978-3-6392-9248-0
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Maize is one of the raw materials for the production of dextrose by hydrolyzing of the starch. Maize dextrose is widely used in many countries as a sweetener and immediate energy sources for pharmaceutical products and many other food products as a chief component. This book is based on the research conducted on the extraction of dextrose from Ethiopian Maize Variety (BH-660). The book has a critical approach for evaluating the potential target maize varieties for starch, germ oil, gluten and dextrose production. In addition to these, the book can be also used as a reference for food process and pharmaceutical engineers. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по...
ISBN: 978-3-8433-6919-0
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Diabetes mellitus ist eine chronische Stoffwechselerkrankung, deren Pravalenz weltweit rasant zunimmt. Die WHO spricht bereits von einer Diabetesepidemie, die in den nachsten Jahrzehnten aufgrund der Folgeerkrankungen eine der grossten Herausforderungen fur unsere Gesundheitssysteme darstellen wird. Diabetische Spatschaden manifestieren sich im Herz-Kreislauf-System, dem Nervensystem, in den Augen und den Nieren. Diese Komplikationen sowie daraus resultierende psychische Belastungen schranken die Lebensqualitat von Diabetikern stark ein. Von den rund 300.000 Diabetikern in Osterreich leiden ca. 90% an einem Typ II Diabetes, der in 85% der Falle Adipositas-assoziiert ist. Aufgrund der steigenden Pravalenz des Diabetes sowie der damit...
ISBN: 978-3-6392-8504-8
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
La complexite croissante des unites de production necessite une automatisation de plus en plus developpee. La surveillance de ces processus demande alors un suivi rigoureux. Ce suivi doit etre capable de detecter les defauts capteurs, de les localiser, et de les identifier pour decider des actions a entreprendre. Ces differentes etapes, qui constituent la base du diagnostic, doivent etre executees aussi rapidement que possible. Avec la demande croissante d'energie, les eoliennes apportent une reponse viable aux problemes environnementaux poses par les sources d'energie traditionnelles. Toutefois, l'eolienne est devenue un systeme complexe qui necessite une supervision rigoureuse pour obtenir un rendement energetique optimal. L'objectif...
ISBN: 978-6-1315-3653-3
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Die steigende Pravalenz von Adipositas wird zu einem immer ernsteren Problem unserer Gesellschaft. Um diesem „Ubergewichtsproblem“ auf diatetischer Weise entgegen zu wirken, steigt der Bedarf nach einer geeigneten Diat mit vorteilhafter Makronahrstoffrelation. Die Vorteile von Diaten, die entweder Kohlenhydrate, Fett oder Eiweiss betonen, sind noch nicht eindeutig bewiesen. In letzter Zeit erlangte das Nahrungsprotein besondere Aufmerksamkeit. Die physiologischen Auswirkungen bei unterschiedlich hohen Proteinaufnahmen werden gegenwartig von vielen Ernahrungswissenschaftlern untersucht. Inwiefern eine eiweissbetonte Ernahrung eine effektive Strategie ist, um dieses Ubergewichtsproblem zu behandeln, wurde in dieser Arbeit untersucht....
ISBN: 978-3-6392-8674-8
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Im Sinne einer Komplettbearbeitung ist es notwendig, neue Wege zu beschreiten. Die Integration des Lasers in Dreh- und Frasmaschinen stellt diesbezuglich eine sehr gute Moglichkeit dar, weil der Laser ein vielfaltiges thermisches Werkzeug ist und sich somit mit der spanenden Bearbeitung scheinbar glanzend erganzt. Um diesen Sachverhalt dem Leser naher zu bringen, erfolgt zunachst die Darstellung der in Frage kommenden Lasersysteme und spanenden Maschinenkonzepte, um deren Eignung zu erschliessen. Durch die Vorstellung bereits umgesetzter laserintegrierter Werkzeugmaschinen wird aufgezeigt, welche technischen Losungen bereits untersucht worden sind. Die kritische Betrachtung des Lasers als mechanisch beruhrungsfreies Werkzeug bildet den...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-1596-3
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Die vorliegende Arbeit bietet einen Uberblick uber das Auftreten einer spezifischen Konvektionswolke und den damit verbundenen meteorologischen Bedingungen. Die Grundlage der Auswertung bilden Webcam-Bilder, die die Sudhange der Innsbrucker Nordkette rund um die Seegrube darstellen. Dort wird haufig die Seegrubenwolke - ein konvektiv ausgeloster Cumulus humilis oder Cumulus mediocris - beobachtet. Ein Phanomen, das vor allem unter Paragleitern sowie Segel- und Drachenfliegern bekannt ist, da mit der besagten Wolke ein thermischer Aufwindschlauch sichtbar wird. Wahrend es einige fruhere Arbeiten zu Hangwinden in dieser Gegend gibt, wurde die Wolke selbst bis dato nicht untersucht. Dadurch motiviert und mit tatkraftiger Unterstutzung vom...
ISBN: 978-3-6390-0754-1
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Die Restaurierung von Tafelparkett ist noch immer ein viel zu wenig beschriebenes Blatt. In dieser Arbeit werden die Tafelparkette der Festsale im Schloss Babelsberg (Potsdam) ausfuhrlich dargestellt. Die konstruktiven und gestalterischen Ausfuhrungen dieser Parkette geben einen tiefen Einblick in die Historie der zeitgenossischen Parkettlegekunst. Vorliegende Schadensphanomene sind sehr haufig an vergleichbaren Parketten anzutreffen. Die Problematik des Furnierniederleimens wird hier naher erortert. Dazu wurde ein spezielles Spindelpressgerat entwickelt, welches mittels Vakuumtechnologie erhohte Presskraft aufbringen kann. Dieses Gerat kann fur ahnliche Falle an furnierten Wandvertafelungen genutzt werden. Weitere Problemlosungen, wie...
ISBN: 978-3-8364-6796-4
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Das Buch befasst sich mit der Anwendung der dielektrischen Erwarmung mit Radiowellen auf unterschiedlichen Gebieten der Umwelttechnik. Im Mittelpunkt stehen die Aufheizung von Schuttbetten aus Adsorbenzien und Katalysatoren sowie die thermisch unterstutzte Reinigung kontaminierter Boden und Feststoffe. Aus stofflicher Sicht wurde die Erwarmung technisch relevanter Feststoffe wie Aktivkohlen, Molekularsieben (Zeolithen) und anderer Katalysatoren ebenso wie die Behandlung von Modellboden und realen Bodenproben untersucht. Die durchgefuhrten physikalisch-chemischen Grundlagenuntersuchungen bezogen sich vor allem auf die Fragen, inwiefern sich die Radiowellen-Erwarmung von konventionellen Heizmethoden unterscheidet, und ob und unter welchen...
ISBN: 978-3-6390-0570-7
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011