Condition-Based Maintenance (CBM) technology increases system availability and safety while reducing costs, attributed to reduced maintenance and inventory, increased capacity, and enhanced logistics and supply chain performance. Employing effective generic process monitoring methods for abrupt failures and diagnostics and prognostics algorithms for incipient failures is an important prerequisite for widespread deployment of CBM. Diagnostics is the process of identifying, localizing and determining severity of a machine failure, whereas prognostics is the process of estimating the remaining-useful-life (RUL). This work presents methods based on support vector machines and hidden Markov models to diagnose abrupt and incipient failures and...

ISBN: 978-3-8383-3566-7
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

As the demand for energy is increasing world wide, not only the security of energy supply and the stability of prices, but also climate change has become an important issue. The production of synthetic natural gas from biomass could be one route to address these issues. The advantages are the high conversion efficiency, the existing gas pipelines, the efficient end-use technologies and the recovery of a concentrated CO2 stream ready for carbon capture and storage. Within the EU project Bio-SNG a process development unit was erected that demonstrated the complete process chain from wood to SNG in half-commercial scale. The heart of the unit is a 1 MW fluidized bed methanation reactor. This thesis aims to increase the understanding of the...

ISBN: 978-3-8381-1911-3
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

The dilemma of Pakistan's textile industry is its inability to introduce its own brand names. Our industry majorly is buyer dictated in which products are made according to the requirements of customer. Our project is "discussing the product development techniques with reference to a Rotary printing machine". The correct concept of product development involves selecting the products first and then going for a setup but unfortunately in our case, machinery is selected first and then we run for orders. Furthermore, we have not introduced our own brand names. We usually confuse the concept of product development with buyer dictation. Product development is only applicable where you are launching your own products/brands and we haven't done...

ISBN: 978-3-8433-8428-5
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Manufacturing industry is continuously looking for innovative means of improving their operations to meet the ever growing consumer demand, and achieve this at the lowest possible cost. This investigation explores the role that automated design and products have had in expanding the horizons for such companies. The discussions and conclusions drawn from this investigation represent the predictions for future involvement and development of automation. This investigation has used research methods such as questionnaires and interviews to collect data which has been analysed using such tools as charts and coding and clustering tables. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается...

ISBN: 978-3-8383-7713-1
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Production Engineering is a combination of manufacturing technology with management science. A Production Engineer is taught a wider spectrum of Engineering, why Engineer alone? He is made aware of the management challenges related to production, which go a long way in mending his style of looking problems. A production engineer learns more about castings, joining processes, metal cutting Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.

ISBN: 978-6-1311-0400-8
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

A refrigerated gas plant (RGP) faces operational challenges on three fronts namely: 1) at the plant inlet, fluctuations in flow rate and composition caused by multiple feed gas streams; 2) within RGP, unscheduled shutdowns due to equipment malfunction; 3) at the outlet, strict product specifications enforced by the customers. These challenges force RGP to improve its efficiency in order to sustain profitability. An identified area for improvement is during operational planning. This type of planning poses a short-term and continuous scheduling problem in which preconfigured setpoints are directly implemented by regulatory controllers. While this practice is currently accepted, economic benefits can be further realized by frequent...

ISBN: 978-3-6392-7630-5
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

ISBN: 978-3-8383-2956-7
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! La proliferation nucleaire designe la propagation de la possession d'armes nucleaires dans le monde. On parle de proliferation horizontale pour l'augmentation demesuree des armes nucleaires et du nombre de pays detenteurs, et de proliferation verticale pour le perfectionnement de l’arme nucleaire. Depuis l’obtention par les Etats-Unis de l’arme nucleaire, cette technologie est devenue une preoccupation considerable pour les Etats. C’est un symbole de puissance et de maitrise dans le domaine de la science. Mais les grandes puissances ont realise, entre autres suite a de grande crises entre les Etats-Unis et l’URSS, le danger lie a l’utilisation militaire du nucleaire. C’est afin de...

ISBN: 978-6-1316-5660-6
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Oil palm kernel shell, which is the by-product of the palm oil industries, can be used as the raw material for the production of activated carbon. Activated carbon has been widely used as an adsorbent in waste treatment and purification processes due to its high porosity and large surface area. Among the factors that affect the porosity of an activated carbon are the precursor material, the carbonization and the activation operating parameters. Carbonization process leaves an imprint effect on the porosity of activated carbon. A study has been conducted to assess the effects of carbonization time on the structural development of chars and activated carbons from oil palm shells. Samples, prepared in a fixed bed reactor, were carbonized...

ISBN: 978-3-6392-3378-0
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

The need for reduction of CO2 emissions has lead to seek new ways of reducing weight in automobiles. Tailored blanks combining steel and aluminum alloys could be very advantageous for light-weight engineering in automotive industry. The production of these tailored blanks requires new reliable and cost efficient joining methods, which yield joints with good properties. A new welding technique, the ‘Cold Metal Transfer' (CMT) process was introduced recently, which leads to higher productivity and lower heat input with respect to other gas metal arc (GMA) techniques. The microstructure formation and residual stress state in dissimilar steel to aluminum CMT welds are investigated here. The intermetallic phase seam between the filler and...

ISBN: 978-3-8383-3022-8
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Over the last years, automatic speaker recognition (ASR) has undergone an increasing use in applications such as access control, forensics and system customisation, among others, relying traditionally on short-term features related to the spectrum of the voice. However, since human speaker recognition uses other sources of information like prosody, there is reason to believe that they can play an important role in the ASR task, adding complementary knowledge and improving accuracy. Furthermore, humans are able to identify others from voice even when their voices are disguised, so that the question arises as to how vulnerable ASR systems are against voice disguises such as human imitation or artificial conversion, which are potential...

ISBN: 978-3-6390-8991-2
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Aluminium-Kunststoff-Verbundrohre werden aufgrund ihrer besseren mechanischen und chemischen Eigenschaften bereits heute in vielen Industriezweigen als Ersatz von konventionellen Kunststoff- oder verzinkten Stahlrohren eingesetzt. Durch das Laserstrahlschweissen konnen bessere Resultate hinsichtlich Qualitat und Produktivitat des Fertigungsprozesses erzielt werden als bei herkommlichen Schweissverfahren. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird ein bildgebendes Verfahren fur die Prozessuberwachung beim Hochgeschwindig-keitsschweissen dunnwandiger Aluminiumrohre erprobt. Im Hinblick auf spatere Anwendung wird das System fur den Einsatz beim Hochgeschwindigkeitsschweissen mit besonderer Berucksichtigung der zeitlichen und ortlichen Auflosung...

ISBN: 978-3-6390-7512-0
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Der Ursprung der Lean Production/Management liegt in Japan. Auf Grund des starken, globalen, Konkurrenzdruckes stand die japanische Automobilindustrie in den funfziger Jahren vor grossen Herausforderungen. Um mit den US-amerikanischen und europaischen Unternehmen konkurrieren zu konnen, wurde von dem Automobilhersteller Toyota das Toyota-Produktions-System entwickelt. Das System beschreibt, wie Prozesse und Ablaufe im Unternehmen durchgefuhrt werden sollen. Bei Beginn der Arbeit existierte keine, fest definierte, Prozesssteuerung, mit welcher der tagliche Produktionsablauf standardisiert gesteuert und transparent dargestellt werden konnte. Des Weiteren war es nicht moglich, eine Aussage zu treffen, ob die vorhandene Personelle-Kapazitat...

ISBN: 978-3-6393-2490-7
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Kunden erwarten heute Produkte in hoher Qualitat, zu angemessenen Preisen und kurze Lieferzeiten - Anforderungen, die den Druck auf Produktion und die gesamte Supply Chain erhohen. Kommen ein breites Produktspektrum und damit kleine Losgrossen hinzu, sind extreme Effizienz und Flexibilitat gefordert. Welche Strategien gibt es, um diesen steigenden Anforderungen gerecht zu werden? Und welche ist in welcher Konstellation geeignet? Die Autorin Yvonne Siefer zeigt in ihrem Buch anhand eines Praxisbeispiels aus der Mobelbranche Wege auf, dem Dilemma konkurrierender Ziele zu entkommen. Nach einem einfuhrenden Uberblick uber theoretische Ansatze fur Prozessoptimierung verwendet sie anschaulich die Methode der Wertstromanalyse, um die...

ISBN: 978-3-6393-0031-4
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Ein tatsachlicher Funktionsgewinn und eine erhebliche Erleichterung im Alltag kann mit neuroprothetischen Implantaten fur den Patienten nur dann erreicht werden, wenn bei der Entwicklung die Prioritat zu einem Grossteil auf der Gewahrleistung der Systemzuverlassigkeit liegt. Die Auslegung der Implantate muss fur die im Korper herrschenden Bedingungen erfolgen, so dass eine solide Funktionsweise im Organismus garantiert werden kann. Fur diese Analysen bedarf es spezieller Prufverfahren und -systeme, die unter anwendungsnahen Bedingungen die elektronischen Strukturen auf ihre Eignung als Implantat untersuchen. In diesem Buch wird die Entwicklung eines Prufstandes zur Untersuchung der Zuverlassigkeit bei Biegewechselbeanspruchungen...

ISBN: 978-3-6390-3097-6
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Other than flash flood, most flood victims suffer due to the impact of flooding, such as diseases, and not due to the flood itself. This book elaborates the impact of flooding in one of Asian capitals, i.e. Jakarta in Indonesia. Based on extensive household surveys in one of slump areas in the city, it comprehensively analyzed the condition of people's health in the study area. Data of health profile and flooding of the city are involved to enrich the discussions. Invaluable information provided by this book helps us to have clearer figure of and understand better the interrelated aspects of human civilization: the development, urbanization, and their boomerang impacts. Данное издание не является...

ISBN: 978-3-8383-9470-1
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

In the framework of energy harvesting for microgenerators ,this Work investigates the capabilities of pyroelectric energy harvesting using ferroelectric materials. The energy source in this work is a time varying temperature. First, the energy harvesting using a linear pyroelectric material (PVDF film) was studied using Synchronized Switch Harvesting on Inductor (SSHI) nonlinear technique. Efficiencies of these techniques were compared with Carnot cycle. In order to improve the energy conversion, it was investigated phase transitions at which the pyroelectric and electrocaloric activity are maximum. For this purpose, phase transitions of relaxor PZN-4.5PT single crystals were used associated with the thermodynamic Ericsson cycle. The...

ISBN: 978-3-6393-2684-0
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Gegenstand der hier vorgestellten Arbeit ist es, einen Aufbau eines 1-Zylinder-4-Takt-Motorprufstands auf der Basis eines experimentellen Versuchsaufbaus zu realisieren. Fur die Umsetzung werden zwei Stromaggregate mit jeweils einem Otto- bzw. Dieselmotor verwendet. Diese sollen zur Untersuchung von Olemissionen im Abgas dienen. Die Olemission ist ein Bestandteil der Schadstoffe im Abgas. Im Hinblick auf immer strenger werdende Abgasnormen, ist eine Reduzierung der Emissionspartikel aus den Olkomponenten anzustreben. Des Weiteren kann durch eine gezielte Verminderung dieser Emissionen die Lebensdauer der Abgasnachbehandlungseinrichtungen nachweisbar verlangert werden. Zur Anwendung der Messungen von unverbranntem Schmierol im Abgas kommt...

ISBN: 978-3-6391-1842-1
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Laser machining encompasses laser drilling, laser marking, laser grooving and laser engraving, which is broadly used in industries for its extensive machining potential; flexibility, high accuracy, precise, and can cut almost any materials. It works by directing the output of a high power laser beam onto the materials to be cut where, the materials then either melts, burns or vaporizes away leaving an edge with a high quality surface finish of the desired shape and geometry. In this empirical research investigation, the EN-32 mild steel with nominal thickness of 2.5mm and 5.0 mm were profiled using four by eight feet CO2 laser cutting machine. The significant effect of design parameters was investigated to produce almost perfect and...

ISBN: 978-3-8433-8162-8
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Due to the increasing pressure on companies to change, the introduction of new processes in product development is required. Thus, the objective of the present work is to provide an approach for defining the optimal introduction procedure for a new concept, while considering all relevant boundary conditions. This formal approach is the Introduction Procedure Model, which enables the user to optimize the transition from the current process state to the intended process state. To proof its applicability, the Introduction Procedure Model is verified in an industrial case study. Since the phase schemes and procedures of the implementation process from literature only provide a high-level view on the implementation procedure, a process model...

ISBN: 978-3-8364-4630-3
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

An effort has been made in this book to estimate the time for fatigue of a human operator via a quantitative study based on the workload. Workload in turn depends on the condition of the operator and environmental conditions, which is reflected in the muscle temperature. Simple yet comprehensive mathematical models for heat transfer in human body were developed for both steady as well as transient states.The models were also validated against the results available in the literature. Parametric studies involving the condition of the operator and the environment were also carried out. From the mathematical model, muscle temperature required for the estimation of the time for fatigue of the operator was determined. Three case studies from a...

ISBN: 978-3-6391-8910-0
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. RMS Queen Elizabeth 2, often referred to simply as the 'QE2', is a former Cunard ocean liner, now owned by Nakheel, a division of Dubai World. She was named after the earlier Cunard liner RMS Queen Elizabeth, and served as the flagship of the line from 1969 until succeeded by RMS Queen Mary 2 in 2004.Built in Clydebank, Scotland, she was considered the last of the great transatlantic ocean liners built for over four decades before the construction of the QM2.She had no identical sister ship or running mate and never ran a year round weekly transatlantic express service to New York. QE2 did, however, continue the...

ISBN: 978-6-1317-1851-9
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Queen of the Netherlands is a Dutch trailing suction hopper dredging ship constructed in 1998. The vessel has been used in high-profile salvage and dredging operations including the investigation into the Swissair Flight 111 crash and in the Port Phillip Channel Deepening Project. It has been called "the world's largest floating vacuum cleaner". The ship's draghead is 6 metres (20 ft) wide and can dredge between 55 metres (180 ft) and 115 metres (377 ft) deep. The ship has three hopper discharge options. The ship's hopper is among the largest in the world. The ship has equipment to dredge almost any material; the Port Phillip Channel Deepening Project will likely see it remove 23,000,000...

ISBN: 978-6-1311-6445-3
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Un reseau ferroviaire est un ensemble de lignes de chemin de fer, de gares et d'installations techniques diverses (atelier, depots, triages, embranchements particuliers, chantiers intermodaux...) qui permettent la circulation de convois ferroviaires ou trains dans un ensemble geographique donne, region, pays, continent. Par extension, une maquette ferroviaire est egalement designee par le terme de reseau. Un reseau ferroviaire se caracterise par un certain nombre de normes techniques et d'exploitation qui peuvent eventuellement poser des problemes d'interoperabilite en cas de connexion entre reseaux. L'unification de ces normes est une entreprise de longue haleine car elle met en jeu des...

ISBN: 978-6-1338-0814-0
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Depending on the application, radar instruments can require varying degrees of accuracy. As our understanding and control of this accuracy increases, new applications can be developed at lower costs. As radar systems develop, they can tackle problems that require them to measure quantities by distinguishing minuscule changes in radar parameters such as amplitude, phase, frequency etc. The ability of a radar system to accurately and precisely measure these signal parameters eventually determines the fidelity of a measurement. Without understanding the exact limits of a system's performance, these measurements cannot be guaranteed. This work deals with aspects of system characterization that determine the limits on how precisely radar...

ISBN: 978-3-8364-8084-0
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011