Compact models of devices are used in circuit simulators, in order to predict the functionality of circuits. Multiple-gate devices will be preferred in nanoscale circuits, thus calling for accurate and reliable compact models, an important prerequisite for successful circuit design. In this book we present explicit compact charge and capacitance models adapted for doped and undoped devices (doped Double-Gate (DG) MOSFETs, undoped DG MOSFETs, undoped Ultra-Thin-Body (UTB) MOSFETs and undoped Surrounding-Gate Transistors (SGTs)). The main advantage of our work is the analytical and explicit character of the charge and capacitance model that makes it easy to be implemented in circuit simulators. We also show the impact of important...

ISBN: 978-3-6391-4882-4
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

A compiler-compiler or compiler generator is a tool that creates a parser, interpreter, or compiler from some form of formal description. The earliest and still most common form of compiler-compiler is a parser generator, whose input is a grammar (usually in BNF) of a programming language, and whose generated output is the source code of a parser. The ideal compiler compiler takes a description of a programming language and a target instruction set architecture, and automatically generates a usable compiler from them. In practice, the state of the art has yet to reach this degree of sophistication and most compiler generators are not capable of handling semantic or target architecture information. Данное издание не...

ISBN: 978-6-1306-2467-5
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. In the design of experiments, completely randomized designs are for studying the effects of one primary factor without the need to take other nuisance variables into account. This article describes completely randomized designs that have one primary factor. The experiment compares the values of a response variable based on the different levels of that primary factor. For completely randomized designs, the levels of the primary factor are randomly assigned to the experimental units. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по...

ISBN: 978-6-1337-3252-0
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

In general usage, complexity tends to be used to characterize something with many parts in intricate arrangement. The study of these complex linkages is the main goal of network theory and network science. In science there are at this time a number of approaches to characterizing complexity, many of which are reflected in this article.Definitions are often tied to the concept of a ‘system’ – a set of parts or elements which have relationships among them differentiated from relationships with other elements outside the relational regime. Many definitions tend to postulate or assume that complexity expresses a condition of numerous elements in a system and numerous forms of relationships among the elements. At the same time, what is...

ISBN: 978-6-1302-0200-2
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

There are a number of situations where entering of a building is considered hazardous and it is desired to inspect its interior from outside through the walls. In these cases, ultra wideband (UWB) radars can provide significant help by detecting and tracking of people. The intent of presented thesis was to propose a procedure enabling through wall tracking of moving targets based on processing of UWB radar signals. For that purpose, at first the review and theoretical basis of the conventional methods has been elaborated. The main part of the work has dealt with design of the complete procedure as the set of robust signal processing methods convenient for a real-time processing. It consists of 7 phases, namely background subtraction,...

ISBN: 978-3-8433-6017-3
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Complex metallic alloys (CMAs) are intermetallic compounds characterized by the following structural features: 1. large unit cells, comprising some tens up to thousands of atoms, 2. the presence of well- defined atom clusters, frequently of icosahedral point group symmetry, 3. the occurrence of inherent disorder in the ideal structure. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.

ISBN: 978-6-1338-2680-9
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Composite video is the format of an analog television signal before it is combined with a sound signal and modulated onto an RF carrier. Composite video is often designated by the CVBS acronym, meaning "Color, Video, Blank and Sync". In German the abbreviation FBAS means the same. It is usually in standard formats such as NTSC, PAL, and SECAM. It is a composite of three source signals called Y, U and V with sync pulses. Y represents the brightness or luminance of the picture and includes synchronizing pulses, so that by itself it could be displayed as a monochrome picture. U and V represent hue and saturation or chrominance; between them they carry the color information. They are first modulated on two orthogonal phases of a color...

ISBN: 978-6-1307-4433-5
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Jet engines are complicated devices that come in many forms, but have many components in common.

ISBN: 978-5-5093-6368-9

EN LOS ULTIMOS ANOS EL BIODIESEL SE HA CONSAGRADO COMO LA POSIBILIDAD MAS REAL DE REDUCIR, PARCIALMENTE Y A CORTO PLAZO, EL CONSUMO DE COMBUSTIBLES FOSILES EN MOTORES DIESEL. SU DESARROLLO NO HA ESTADO EXENTO DE PROBLEMAS, Y NUMEROSAS VOCES HAN LANZADO CRITICAS A SU SOSTENIBILIDAD, E INCLUSO CUESTIONADO LAS CONSECUENCIAS DE SU USO EN MOTOR. ESTE LIBRO SURGE PARA DAR UNA RESPUESTA RIGUROSA A ESTAS ULTIMAS. RECOGE, EN LOS PRIMEROS CAPITULOS, UNA REVISION EXHAUSTIVA DE LAS PROPIEDADES DEL BIODIESEL COMO COMBUSTIBLE Y DE SUS EFECTOS (PRESTACIONES Y EMISIONES) EN MOTOR, HACIENDO UNA COMPARATIVA CON GASOLEOS FOSILES Y CUANTIFICANDO SU “POTENCIAL VERDE”. EN LA SEGUNDA PARTE, OFRECE RESULTADOS PROPIOS OBTENIDOS EN UN MOTOR TIPICO DE LOS...

ISBN: 978-3-6392-0417-9
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Composite armour is a type of vehicle armour consisting of layers of different material such as metals, plastics, ceramics or air. Most composite armour are lighter than their all-metal equivalent, but instead occupy a larger volume for the same resistance to penetration. It is possible to design composite armour stronger, lighter and less voluminous than traditional armour, but the cost is often prohibitively high, restricting its use to especially vulnerable parts of a vehicle. Its primary purpose is to help defeat high explosive anti-tank (HEAT) rounds. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга...

ISBN: 978-6-1341-7240-0
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! A compound bow is a modern bow that uses a levering system, usually of cables and pulleys, to bend the limbs. The limbs of a compound bow are usually much stiffer than those of a recurve bow or longbow. This limb stiffness makes the compound bow more energy-efficient than other bows, but the limbs are too stiff to be drawn comfortably with a string attached directly to them. The compound bow has its string attached to pulleys (cams), and one or both of the pulleys have one or more cables attached to the opposite limb. When the string is drawn back, the string causes the pulleys to turn. This causes the pulleys to pull the cables, which in turn causes the limbs to bend and thus store energy. The...

ISBN: 978-6-1328-2668-8
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Internal combustion engines come in a wide variety of types, but have certain family resemblances, and thus share many common types of components. Internal combustion engines can contain any number of combustion chambers (cylinders), with numbers between one and twelve being common, though as many as 36 (Lycoming R-7755) have been used. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.

ISBN: 978-6-1339-1081-2
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

This work presents a unified modelling approach for homogenization and de-homogenization, applicable to unidirectional(UD) composite systems. Emphasis is placed on the uniqueness between the forward (homogenization) and the backward (de- homogenization) modelling processes; so the desired micro fields are truly recovered within the confines of mechanics. An inter-scale failure theory that describes matrix cracking in laminates is then formulated, being based on the recovered micro- fields. Laminate matrix cracking in several well- documented experimental studies are simulated using the inter-scale theory. The simulation captures the major cracking characteristics that are otherwise excluded in failure theories derived at the homogenized...

ISBN: 978-3-8364-9593-6
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

A composite monitor is any analog video display that receives input in the form of an analog composite video signal through a single cable in contrast to multiple-cable or multiple-wire video sources such as VGA cable. A monitor is different from a conventional TV set because it does not have an internal RF tuner or RF converter that can receive signals from an over-the-air broadcast TV station; however a user can install an external device that emulates a TV tuner. A video display that is a "monitor-only" is useful for security cameras, some computers, and many other devices. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд...

ISBN: 978-6-1307-4447-2
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! A compressed air engine is a pneumatic actuator that creates useful work by expanding compressed air. They have existed in many forms over the past two centuries, ranging in size from hand held turbines up to several hundred horsepower. Some types rely on pistons and cylinders, others use turbines. Many compressed air engines improve their performance by heating the incoming air, or the engine itself. Some took this a stage further and burned fuel in the cylinder or turbine, forming a type of internal combustion engine. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по...

ISBN: 978-6-1339-3853-3
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) is a way to store energy generated at one time for use at another time. At utility scale, energy generated during periods of low energy demand (off-peak) can be released to meet higher demand (peak load) periods. Air storage can be adiabatic, diabatic, or isothermic: Adiabatic storage retains the heat produced by compression and returns it to the air when the air is expanded to generate power. This is a subject of ongoing study, with no utility scale plants as of 2010. Its theoretical efficiency approaches 100% for large and/or rapidly cycled devices and/or perfect thermal insulation, but in practice round trip...

ISBN: 978-6-1339-3584-6
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Eigenspace methods take advantage of the fact that a set of highly correlated images can be approximately represented by a small set of eigenimages. However, all known eigendecomposition algorithms are directly proportional to the resolution of original images. With the ability to generate consistently better resolution images using state-of-the-art equipment, these techniques still show performance issues and exponential increase in memory requirements. Also, these algorithms exploit one-dimensional temporal correlation between successive images and hence, cannot be efficiently applied to images correlated in multiple dimensions. This book analyzes the effect of spatial resolution reduction of images on their resulting...

ISBN: 978-3-8383-0315-4
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

ISBN: 978-5-5080-6060-2

A compressor stall is a situation of abnormal airflow resulting from a stall of the aerofoils within the compressor. Stall is found in dynamic compressors, particularly axial compressors, as used in jet engines and turbochargers for reciprocating engines. Compressor stalls result in a loss of compressor performance, which can vary in severity from a momentary engine power drop (occurring so quickly it is barely registered on engine instruments) to a complete loss of compression (compressor surge) necessitating a reduction in the fuel flow to the engine. Modern compressors are carefully designed and controlled to avoid or limit stall within an engine's operating range. Stall was a common problem on early jet engines with simple...

ISBN: 978-6-1307-1056-9
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

ISBN: 978-3-8383-4522-2
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Compression molding is a method of molding in which the molding material, generally preheated, is first placed in an open, heated mold cavity. The mold is closed with a top force or plug member, pressure is applied to force the material into contact with all mold areas, while heat and pressure are maintained until the molding material has cured. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.

ISBN: 978-6-1337-3066-3
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Physical compression is the result of the subjection of a material to compressive stress, resulting in reduction of volume. The opposite of compression is tension. In simple terms, compression is a pushing force. Compression has many implications in materials science, physics and structural engineering, for compression yields noticeable amounts of stress and tension. By inducing compression, mechanical properties such as compressive strength or modulus of elasticity, can be measured. Scientists and engineers may utilize compression machines to measure the resistance of materials and structures to compression. Compression machines range from very small table top systems to ones with over 53 MN...

ISBN: 978-6-1340-9071-1
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Invente aux Etats-Unis par Dorr E. Felt en 1887, le Comptometre, ou Comptometer est la premiere machine a calculer a clavier direct a avoir connu un succes commercial reel. Un clavier direct est extremement rapide car chaque touche ajoute ou soustrait sa valeur au total des qu'elle est enfoncee et tous les doigts de la main peuvent etre utilises simultanement. C'est ainsi que le Comptometre fut appele la mitrailleuse du bureau dans des publicites de la Premiere Guerre mondiale. La machine possede un levier, mais il n'est utilise que pour sa remise a zero. Depuis sa commercialisation en 1887, il est ameliore constamment; d'abord en le rendant plus fiable et plus rapide, puis avec un modele...

ISBN: 978-6-1341-2317-4
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

Minimal-invasive Verfahren besitzen in der Medizin mittlerweile einen unbestritten hohen Stellenwert. Im Entwicklungsinstitut der Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Osteosynthesefragen (AO) wurde ein Projekt durchgefuhrt, das sich mit computerunterstutzter, minimal-invasiver Chirurgie befasst. Das Ziel des gesamten Projekts war es, mit Hilfe eines computergesteuerten Roboters eine moglichst exakte Reposition von Knochenstucken nach einer Fraktur zu gewahrleisten. Dieses Buch beschreibt einen kleinen Teil des Projekts: die Entwicklung und Konstruktion eines Verbindungsstucks zwischen dem Roboter und dem menschlichen Knochen. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по...

ISBN: 978-3-6391-4755-1
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011

This work aims to set up an analytical framework that supports the design of multinational organizations based on cultural constraints. Besides serving as a design aid, the analytical framework enables one to test hypotheses related to the effects of cultural heterogeneity on organizational outcome. Throughout this study, the heterogeneous coalition organization design problem has been formulated as a Multi-level Distributed Intelligence System in which decision making nodes are culturally uniform sub-groups. A bottom-up design methodology has been developed that exploits results from Lattice Theory, and applies a new concept named group-organization fit. A case study is used (1) to illustrate the use of the methodology to design and...

ISBN: 978-3-6390-2284-1
Издательство: Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011