To perform effective noise control, it is essential that the detailed character of the noise source be well understood. Near-field Acoustical Holography (NAH) is a powerful tool for visualizing noise sources and thus for identifying the detailed nature of a source. NAH has been applied most often for visualizing structure-borne and machinery noise sources. In this book, it is shown how NAH can be applied with equal success to aeroacoustic sources. A detailed development of multireference NAH is provided to allow the use of a scanning microphone array. Also, methods for compensating for source nonstationarity and for extrapolating sound fields beyond the measurement aperture to improve the accuracy of the source imaging are described....
ISBN: 978-3-6391-3070-6
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Acoustic resonance spectroscopy is a method of spectroscopy in the acoustic region, primarily the sonic and ultrasonic regions. ARS is typically much more rapid than HPLC and NIR. It is non destructive and requires no sample preparation as the sampling waveguide can simply be pushed into a sample powder/liquid or in contact with a solid sample. To date, the AR spectrometer has successfully differentiated and quantified sample analytes in various forms; tablets, powders, and liquids. It has been used to measure and monitor the progression of chemical reactions, such as the setting and hardening of concrete from cement paste to solid. Данное издание не является...
ISBN: 978-6-1339-0110-0
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Acoustic Kitty was a CIA project launched by the Directorate of Science Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1339-5219-5
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Active Denial System is a less-lethal, directed-energy weapon developed by the U.S. military. It is a strong millimeter-wave transmitter primarily used for crowd control. Some ADS such as HPEM ADS are also used to disable vehicles. Informally, the weapon is also called pain ray. Raytheon is currently marketing a reduced-range version of this technology. The ADS is currently being considered for deployment in the Iraq War. The ADS works by firing a high-powered beam of electromagnetic radiation in the form of high-frequency microwaves at 95 GHz. In exactly the same way that a microwave oven heats food, the millimeter waves excite the water and fat molecules in the body, instantly heating it...
ISBN: 978-6-1316-0912-1
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
This book investigates a solution for the six-degree-of-freedom vibration isolation and suppression. Both ground and space applications have been taken into account. Vibrations propagating into the mechanical systems can cause many problems at different levels causing performance degradation for sensitive systems. The proposed solution in this work is to use a six-axis active hexapod based on Stewart platform configuration. The rigidity of the legs of this hexapod determines the application to be used for; a stiff hexapod, for example, is used as a rigid interface for active damping and precision pointing applications while a soft hexapod is used, in general, for the purpose of active isolation of vibrations. Active vibration isolation...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-3671-5
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Active solar technologies are employed to convert solar energy into usable light, heat, cause air- movement for ventilation or cooling, or store heat for future use. Active solar uses electrical or mechanical equipment, such as pumps and fans, to increase the usable heat in a system. Solar energy collection and utilization systems that do not use external energy, like a solar chimney, are classified as passive solar technologies. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после...
ISBN: 978-6-1340-9038-4
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Active-matrix OLED is a display technology for use in mobile devices and televisions. OLED describes a specific type of thin film display technology in which organic compounds form the electroluminescent material, and active matrix refers to the technology behind the addressing of pixels. AMOLED technology is currently used in mobile phone and media players and continues to make progress towards low power, low cost and large size for applications such as televisions. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после...
ISBN: 978-6-1339-7558-3
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
The work encompasses a study of interaction between embedded PZT transducers and composite structures as well as technique improvement to simplify Lamb waves analysis. The design of embedded PZT transducers was improved by reducing the stress concentrations in composites. The experiments, performed in static loading, indicated that the embedded PZT transducer did not significantly reduce the strength of the composite. Further investigations were conducted to evaluate the performance of the improved PZT transducer used as a Lamb wave generator embedded in composites subjected to mechanical loading. The tests were performed in static and fatigue loading. The study showed a large working range of the embedded PZT transducers. A post...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-6140-3
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The terms active packaging , intelligent packaging, and smart packaging refer to packaging systems used with foods, pharmaceuticals, and several other types of products. They help extend shelf life, monitor freshness, display information on quality, improve safety, and improve convenience. The terms are closely related. Active packaging usually means having active functions beyond the inert passive containment and protection of the product. Intelligent and smart packaging usually involve the ability to sense or measure an attribute of the product, the inner atmosphere of the package, or the shipping environment. Данное издание не является оригинальным....
ISBN: 978-6-1325-6659-1
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
In television technology, Active Format Description is a standard set of codes that can be sent in the MPEG video stream or in the baseband SDI video signal that carries information about their aspect ratio and active picture characteristics. It has been used by television broadcasters to enable both 4:3 and 16:9 television sets to optimally present pictures transmitted in either format. It has also been used by broadcasters to dynamically control how down-conversion equipment formats widescreen 16:9 pictures for 4:3 displays. Standard AFD codes provide information to video devices about where in the coded picture the active video is and also the "protected area" which is the area that needs to be shown. Outside of the protected area,...
ISBN: 978-6-1307-4414-4
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
This book begins with a brief background on the field of active disturbance cancellation with a particular focus on the challenges of acoustic cancellation environments. Traditional linear feedforward and feedback approaches are discussed and a novel method for use of a time delay CMAC neural network for disturbance cancellation in nonlinear dynamical systems is presented. Appropriate modifications to the CMAC training algorithm are derived which allow convergent adaptation for a variety of secondary signal paths. Analytical bounds on the maximum learning gain are presented which guarantee convergence of the algorithm and provide insight into the necessary reduction in learning gain as a function of the system parameters. Effectiveness...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-2093-6
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
An Actroid is a humanoid robot with strong visual human-likeness developed by Osaka University and manufactured by Kokoro Company Ltd. It was first unveiled at the 2003 International Robot Exposition in Tokyo, Japan. Several different versions of the product have been produced since then. In most cases, the robot's appearance has been modeled after an average young woman of Japanese descent. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается по технологии принт-он-деманд после получения заказа.
ISBN: 978-6-1307-0488-9
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! An actuator is a mechanical device for moving or controlling a mechanism or system. It takes energy, usually transported by air, electric current, or liquid, and converts that into some kind of motion.The efficiency of an actuator is a standard tool used to calculate or estimate the usefulness of any actuating mechanism. It is a dimensionless quantity which is generally lower than 1 expressing the energy conversion factor. For better explanation see Thermodynamic efficiency. Most of the wasted energy (due to friction, magnetic losses, eddy currents, whatever) is thermally dissipated. Данное издание не является оригинальным. Книга печатается...
ISBN: 978-6-1326-2355-3
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing is a routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) and other wireless ad-hoc networks. It is jointly developed in Nokia Research Center, University of California, Santa Barbara and University of Cincinnati by C. Perkins, E. Belding-Royer and S. Das. AODV is capable of both unicast and multicast routing. It is a reactive routing protocol, meaning that it establishes a route to a destination only on demand. In contrast, the most common routing protocols of the Internet are proactive, meaning they find routing paths independently of the usage of the paths. AODV is, as the name indicates, a distance-vector routing protocol. AODV avoids the...
ISBN: 978-6-1308-8827-5
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
Augusta Ada King, Countess of Lovelace (10 December 1815, London – 27 November 1852, Marylebone, London), born Augusta Ada Byron, was the only legitimate child of poet Lord Byron. She is widely known in modern times simply as Ada Lovelace. She is mainly known for having written a description of Charles Babbage's early mechanical general- purpose computer, the analytical engine. She is today appreciated as the "first programmer" since she was writing programs—that is, encoding an algorithm in a form to be processed by a machine—for a machine that Babbage had not yet built. She also foresaw the capability of computers to go beyond mere calculating or number-crunching while others, including Babbage himself, focused only on these...
ISBN: 978-6-1306-3388-2
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Frederic P. Miller, Agnes F. Vandome, John McBrewster
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Adam Czerniakow was a Polish-Jewish engineer and senator to the Polish Sejm (for Nonpartisan Bloc for Cooperation with the Government), born in Warsaw, Poland. He committed suicide in the Warsaw Ghetto on 23 July 1942. He studied engineering and taught in the Jewish community's vocational school in Warsaw. From 1927 to 1934 he served as a member of the Warsaw Municipal Council, and in 1931 he was elected to the Polish Senate. On 4 October 1939, a few days after the city's surrender to the Nazis, Czerniakow was made head of the 24 member Judenrat, (Jewish Council) responsible for implementing Nazi orders in the...
ISBN: 978-6-1328-6941-8
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
This work describes design, construction and use of a two-photon scanning laser fluorescence microscope (TPSLFM) improved by adaptive optics (AO) compensation to enable deeper subsurface imaging of mouse bone marrow. AO is found to be useful to compensate for degradation of image quality, particularly in deep tissue imaging where optical aberrations degrade TPSLFM resolution and contrast. An adaptive optics (AO) TPSLFM was developed to compensate the optical aberrations in the beam path to improve contrast and resolution in the mouse bone marrow subsurface imaging. The AO system relies on a deformable mirror (DM), which is controlled by using a stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm optimized by feedback from a...
ISBN: 978-3-6391-5086-5
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
The aim of writing in this monograph is to introduce a wider audience to the use of adaptive finite element methods with particular emphasis on practical engineering applications to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) design approaches for microfluidics. Nowadays, microfluidic applications spread out even widely throughout research and development activities for various types of MEMS, BioMEMS, or lab-on-a-chip devices. This monograph is to highlight three numerical modeling strategies of microfluidic devices through adaptive finite element methods and parallel computing. Although adaptive finite elements in general have been mature subject within their numerical and mathematical aspects, the techniques are still in its infant stage of...
ISBN: 978-3-8383-0280-5
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Active vibration control for flexible structures is a challenging subject of very important and practical significance. Especially for multi-model vibration systems, to control all the main resonances robustly under changing of plant parameters is really difficult. In this book, three control methods and a multi-model natural frequency estimator that are employed to control several first mode vibration of flexible structure with varying load conditions, are developed and discussed. The newly proposed control method includes M4ARC (Multi-Model Multi-Mode Resonant Control), ARC (Adaptive Resonant Control) and M4ARC (Multi-Model Multi-Mode Adaptive Resonant Control). The performances of these methods are also experimentally proven to be...
ISBN: 978-3-6390-5323-4
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
An intelligent agent must be capable of using its past experience to understand how its actions affect the world. Given some objective, the agent must use its understanding to produce a plan that is robust to uncertainty. This book presents a novel computational framework called the Adaptive Modelling and Planning System (AMPS) that attempts to meet these requirements for intelligence. AMPS generalises from limited experience by grouping together similar states and actions using a process called abstraction. Several different abstraction approaches have been proposed in past, but they generally only increase resolution, require a large amount of data before changing the abstraction, do not generalise over actions, and are computationally...
ISBN: 978-3-8383-9400-8
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Design of nonlinear observers has received considerable attention since the early development of methods for linear state estimation. The most popular approach is the extended Kalman filter (EKF), that goes through significant degradation in the presence of nonlinearities, particularly if unmodeled dynamics are coupled to the process and measurement. For uncertain nonlinear systems, adaptive observers have been introduced to estimate the unknown parameters along with state variables. Over the recent years, neural network (NN) based identification and estimation schemes have been proposed that relax the assumptions on the system at the price of sacrificing the global nature of the results. However, most of the NN based adaptive observer...
ISBN: 978-3-6390-1561-4
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
Engineers are becoming increasingly aware of the problems caused by vibration in engineering design. Vibration control is a key factor in preventing detrimental results from vibration.Smart structures with embedded PZT patches have received attention in vibration control of structure. Adaptive vibration control and sliding mode control are active vibration controls that use intelligent actuators, sensors with adaptive and sliding mode control to reduce vibrations. The adaptive vibration control schemes such as adaptive feedforward LMS and model reference adaptive control are derived and demonstrated with application examples. Moreover, the adaptive control schemes with sliding mode compensator are investigated. This book is an essential...
ISBN: 978-3-6390-4966-4
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011
The aim of this master's thesis is to analyse recent developments in the design of stadia. In particular, the aim to make stadia adaptable in terms of use led to new challenges for the structural design. On one side, in order to increase event days per year, there are multi-purpose stadia for various sports, as well as for non-sporting events. Movable structures for seating tiers, pitches, and roofs developed for stadia that are suitable for various events. The design of these structures is discussed in this thesis. On the other side, major events require stadia with pre-determined capacities, which may be unsuitable for a long-term use. For this purpose, demountable structures for spectator accommodation are used to increase the...
ISBN: 978-3-8364-7868-7
Издательство:
Книга по требованию
Дата выхода: июль 2011